Inkqubo ye-neon autonomic ilawula iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ezenzeka ngaphandle kwemigudu. Inkqubo yokuzimela iyinxalenye yesimiso se-nervous system esinoxanduva, njengoko igama libhekisela, ukulawula imisebenzi yomzimba engabandakanyeki njengentliziyo, ukuhamba kwegazi, ukuphefumula kunye nokutya.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-Autonomic Nervous System
Le nkqubo ihlukaniswe ngamasebe amathathu: isistim sokubonisa uvelwano, inkqubo ye-parasympathetic, kunye nenkqubo yesifo se-enteric.
- Ulwahlulo olunesihawu lwenkqubo ye-nervous autonomic ilawula iimpendulo zendiza-okanye-zokulwa . Eli qhekeko lenza imisebenzi enjengokuphucula isantya, ukukhawulezisa intliziyo yesantya, nokuphucula abafundi bamehlo.
- Ulwahlulo lwe-parasympathetic kwinkqubo ye-nervous autonomic inceda ukugcina imisebenzi yomzimba eqhelekileyo kunye nokugcina izinto eziphathekayo. Eli qhekeko lenza imisebenzi enjengokulawula i-bladder, ukunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwentliziyo, kunye nokubethelela abafundi bamehlo.
- Inkqubo ye-neon autonomic eyenziwe yinkampani yesithathu eyaziwa njengenkqubo ye- nervical enters egcinwe kwisigxininiso sesisu.
Inkqubo ye-neon autonomic isebenza ngokufumana ulwazi oluvela kwimimandla nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Iimpawu zentandane kunye ne-parasympathetic zivame ukuba nezenzo ezichasayo apho enye inkqubo iya kuvuselela impendulo apho enye iya kukuvimbela.
Ngokwesiko, ukucatshulwa kuye kwacatshulwa ukuba kwenzeke ngocwangciso lovelwano ngoxa i-inhibition yayicingelwa ukuba iyenze ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-parasympathetic.
Nangona kunjalo kukho izinto ezininzi eziye zafunyanwa. Namhlanje isistim sokubaluleka sijongwa njengenkqubo yokuphendula ngokukhawuleza ekhuthaza umzimba ukuba wenze isenzo apho inkqubo ye-parasympathetic ikholelwa ukuba yenze ngokuthe ngcembe ukunyusa iimpendulo.
Ngokomzekelo, inkqubo ye-nervoustic system iya kwenza ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngelixa inkqubo ye-nervous emotion iyakwenza ukuthoba.
Iinkqubo zombini zisebenza ngokubambisana ukulawula iimpendulo zomzimba kuxhomekeke kwimeko kunye neemfuno. Ukuba, umzekelo, ujongene nesongelo kwaye kufuneka ubaleke, inkqubo yokubonisa uvelwano iya kuvuselela ngokukhawuleza umzimba wakho ukuba uthathe isenzo. Xa isisongelo sidlulile, isistim se-parasympathetic siya kuqala ukunciphisa le mpendulo, ngokukhawuleza ubuyisele umzimba wakho kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokuphumla.
Sisiphi isimiso seNeronic Autonomic?
I-autonomic system ilawula iindlela ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo kuquka:
- Ukugonywa
- Ifuthe legazi
- Inqanaba lentliziyo
- Ukuhanjiswa kunye nokuchaswa
- Pupillary response
- Izinga lokuphefumula
- Ukuphendula ngesondo
- Iqondo lokushisa
- Metabolism
- Umlinganiselo we-Electrolyte
- Ukuveliswa kwamanzi omzimba kuquka ukuthunga kunye namathe
- Iimpendulo zengqondo
Iindlela zokuzimela zamagulane zidibanisa izitho ezahlukileyo kwiingqondo zitsho okanye intambo yomgudu. Kukho ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ze-neurotransmitters, okanye izithunywa zeekhemikhali, ezibalulekileyo zokunxibelelana ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ye-nervous autonomic system. I-Acetylcholine isoloko isetyenziselwa kwisistim se-parasympathetic ukuba ibe nefuthe lokuphazamisa ngelixa i- norepinephrin isebenza rhoqo kwisistim sokuvelisa ukuba ibe nomphumela oshukumisayo kumzimba.
Iingxaki nge-Autonomic Nervous System
Inani leengxaki kunye nezinye izizathu zingakhokelela ekuphazamiseni kwinkqubo ye-nervous autonomic system.
Ezinye ezimbalwa zezi ziquka isifo sikaParkinson, isifo se-neuropathy, ukuguga, ukuphazamiseka kwentambo yomgudu kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
Izibonakaliso zengxaki yokuzimela zingabandakanya ukuzondla okanye ukukhanya okukhanyayo ekumeni, ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile, ukungafihli kwesithukuthezi, ukungahambisi kwamanzi okanye ukukhupha ukukhupha i-vestile, nokungabikho kwempendulo ye-pupillary.
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sokuzimela kuyodinga ukuhlolwa kogqirha okungabandakanya ukuhlolwa komzimba, ukurekhoda uxinzelelo lwegazi xa isigulane silele kwaye simile, ukuvavanywa kwempendulo yokujuluka, kunye ne-electrocardiogram. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unokuba nohlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka okuzimela, xelela udokotela wakho ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye nokuvavanya.
ILizwi
Inkqubo ye-neon autonom idlala indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni womntu, ilawula ezininzi iinkqubo zomzimba ngokuzenzekelayo. Le nkqubo inceda kwakhona ukulungiselela umzimba ukuba ubhekane noxinzelelo kunye nosongelo, kunye nokubuyisela umzimba kwindawo yokuphumla emva koko. Ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nale nxalenye yesimiso seentloni kunokukunika ukuqonda okungcono iinkqubo ezithobela ezininzi iimpawu zabantu kunye neempendulo.
> Imithombo:
> Hotta, H, & Uchida, S. Ukuguga kwenkqubo ye-nervous autonomic kunye nokuphuculwa okunokwenzeka kwimisebenzi yokuzimela ngokusebenzisa ukunyuka kwamanye amazwe. Geriatr Gerontol Int. Ngo-2010; I-Suppl 1: S127-36. i-doi: 10.1111 / j.1447-0594.2010.00592.x.
> Jänig W. Autonomic System yeNervous. Ku: Schmidt RF, Thews G. (eds) I-Physiology yabantu. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg; 1989. i-doi: 10.1007 / 978-3-642-73831-9_16.
> Kreibig, SD. Umsebenzi we-systemon we-nervous in emotion: Uhlolo. Psychology. 2010; 84 (3); 394-421. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.biopsycho.2010.03.010.
> Straub, RO. I-Psychology yezeMpilo: Indlela yokuSebenza ngezoBomi. ENew York: Macmillian, 2016.