Iingqimba ezininzi ziSebenzelana Nxamnye Nomnye, Ucwaningo luyachaza
Esinye isiphumo sokusetyenziswa kotywala obungapheliyo umonakalo otywala ixesha elide lokusetyenziswa kotywala kufikelela kwingqondo. Eminye imimandla ebunini bezonxilisayo iyancipha, idala izilonda ezibangelwa ukungaphumeleli emsebenzini wengqondo.
Uphando lweengcinga zobuBongo lubonise ukuba i-corrox ye-prefrontal (ngaphambili kwengqondo) kunye nemimandla ye-cerebellum (kwinqanaba elingaphantsi kwengqondo) ngokubhekiselele kwimiphumo yokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala .
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa kotywala obunzima ngexesha elide kuya kuwonakalisa indawo zeengqondo ezilawula umsebenzi olawulayo (i-correx ye-prefrontal) kunye nokulinganisela kunye nokuzinza kwe-postural (cerebellum).
Ukulimala Kwengqondo Ngenxa Yobunxila
Ngako oko, izidakwa ezingapheliyo ziyakwazi ukuqhubela phambili kangangokuba abanakho ukukwazi ukuhamba umgca othe ngqo nangona xa "beqabile" okanye bemi ngelinye ilanga, ngokukodwa ebumnyameni okanye xa amehlo abo avaliwe.
Ukongezelela koko, utywala obunexesha elide unokuhlakulela ukusilela ekusebenzeni ngokubaluleka kwengqondo yabo, oku kuthetha ukuba bangabonisa iingxaki ekubekeni izinto ngokufanelekileyo, ukuxazulula iingxaki, ukuxubusha kunye neengxaki ngememori yabo yokusebenza.
Ucwaningo lwezesayensi yomonakalo wengqondo obangelwa utywala luye lwabonisa ngokungafaniyo ukulahleka okukhulu kwemisebenzi yolawulo kunye nokulinganisela xa kuthelekiswa namanye amacandelo omsebenzi wengqondo.
Isixhumanisi phakathi koBhalance, Umsebenzi oLawulayo
Xa abaphandi baqala ukubheka ukuba kutheni le miba emibini yathinteka kakhulu ngenxa yezilonda ezenziwe ngotywala oluninzi, xa kuthelekiswa nabanye, zifumene ubudlelwane phakathi kokusilela kwi-cerebellum kunye ne-correx ye-prefrontal.
Bafumanise ukuba ubukhulu be-cerebellar volume shrinkage beyinto eqikelelweyo yokulahleka komsebenzi. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba unxilisayo unengxaki kunye nokulinganisela, wayephantse ebenomsebenzi omkhulu wokulawulwa kwemisebenzi.
Ngokomzekelo, i-shrinkage ye-cerebellum (elawula ukulinganisela), kodwa kungekhona i-cortex ye-parietal, yayiyi-predictor for the loss of space view capability, okuyiyo ikhono lokusebenzisa iingqondo ezi-2-dimensional and 3-dimensional figures.
Isiphaluka Konakaliswe ngotywala
Umcwaningi waseStan University School of Medicine wathi izinto ezibangelwa zizilonda kwi-correx ye-prefrontal kunye ne-cerebellum ziyaqulunqwa ngenxa yokuba isiphaluka kwingqondo yokuba le miba mibini isebenzisana ukunxibelelana kunye nayo yonakaliswa ngokuxhatshazwa ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala .
Ulwazi oluvela kwi-cortex yangaphambili yengqondo igeleza ngeepon (jonga umboniso ongentla) kwi-cerebellum, ngoxa okwangoku, ulwazi oluvela kwi-cerebellum luphuma nge-thalamus kwi-cortex yangaphambili.
Izifundo zangaphambili ze-MRI zobuninzi beenxila zifumene ukulahleka okukhulu kwemali kwi-hemispheres ye-cerebellar kunye ne-vermis, i-pons, ne-thalamus kunye ne-prefrontal, yangaphambili kunye ne-cortex.
Ulwaphulo lweeNkcitho lubandakanya Ingxaki
Ucandelo loProfesa Edith Sullivan kunye novavanyo olunzulu lweesekethe zangaphambili ze-cerebellar zezibilini ezingama-25 ezingabonakaliyo ezinxilisayo zifumene ukuba i-node enkulu yamasekethe yayibonisa ukulahleka kwemithamo yobunxila.
U-Sullivan ufumene ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwezi zijikelezo zengqondo kungabandakanya ukulahleka okuveliswa yi-shrinkage kwi-cortex yangaphambili kunye ne-cerebellum okanye ngokuphazamiseka kweesekethe okanye ngokungaqhelekanga okufumaneka kwiindawo ezizimele.
Uphando lufumanise ukuba i-cerebellum, ngokusebenzisa isiphaluka sekethe, ingayichaphazela kakhulu umsebenzi we-correx ye-prefrontal, mhlawumbi ichaza isizathu sokuba ukungabikho kokulinganisela kwezidakwa kwakukhokelela ekulahlekelweni komsebenzi olawulayo.
Ezinye iindaba ezilungileyo zezidakwa ezingapheliyo ezinye iziphumo ziye zafumanisa ukuba ubuchopho obunobangela obunxilisayo buya kuqala ukuzitshintsha ngokwaso xa utywala eyeka ukusela.
Imithombo:
Bartsch, AJ, et al. "Ukubonakaliswa kobuchopho bokuqala obuhlobene nokunqanda utywala." Ubunzima bukaDisemba 2006
Mervis, CB, et al. "I-Visuospatial Construction". I-Journal ye-Human Genetics Oktobha 1999.
Sullivan, EV. "I-Pontocerebellar kunye neCerebellothalamocortical Systems ezicatshangelweyo: Iinkcazo kwiMigangatho yazo kwiCognitive and Motor Impairment kwi-Nonamnesic Alcoholism." Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye novavanyo lukaSeptemba 2003