Unyaka wokuqala wokuphila komntwana lixesha lokukhula okumangalisayo kunye noshintsho. Iintsana ngokukhawuleza ziqala ukuthatha ulwazi malunga nehlabathi ngokubona kwabo, ukuva, ukunambitha, ukuthintela kunye nokuvumba. Abaqwalasela le nkqubo bahlala bekumangaliswa ukubukela njengengane isenza intuthuko ngokukhawuleza, ukufunda ukufikelela, ukuqonda, ukumomotheka, ukuhleka, ukuhlala, ukukhwela, nokuhamba ngexesha elifutshane.
Ngelo nyaka, iimpembelelo ezininzi zisebenzisana kunye ukuncedisa indlela umntwana eya kukhula ngayo. Ukuzali, ukondla, ukudibanisa, ukudlala, kunye ne-biology zizinto ezimbalwa zezinto ezininzi eziza kunceda ukubeka umnyaka wokuqala wokuphila komntwana.
Baby Growing
Ukulandelela ukukhula ngokomzimba kunyaka wokuqala wobomi yindlela ebalulekileyo yokubeka esweni impilo yomntwana ophuhlisayo. Ngenxa yokuba ukukhula ngokomzimba kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kunyaka wokuqala, oogqirha abaninzi bancomela ukuhlolwa rhoqo ngenyanga. Oku kuvumela ukuba oogqirha bezobugqirha bafumane ukuba ukukhula komntwana kusemgangathweni kunye nokubona iimpawu zengxaki. Ukuhlolwa kwenyanga okuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukulinganisa nokulinganisa intsana ukuqinisekisa ukuba bazuza ubunzima kwaye bakhula ngokuqhelekileyo. Abazali bacetyiswa ukuba bagcine iso lokuphucula iziganeko zokuphucula umzimba ukuze baqinisekise ukuba abantwana babo bafikelela kwizakhono ezithile kunye nobuchule beminyaka ethile.
Ngexesha leenyanga ezintathu zokuqala zobomi bomntwana, uya kukhula ngobude malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 kwaye ukwandisa ubunzima ngama-30 ekhulwini. Umntwana uya kufunda ukuqonda isono somnakekeli, wazi kakuhle ngezandla zakhe, kwaye uphendule ngokuthintela ukuba ufumanisa. Kuphakathi kweenyanga ezintathu ukuya kweyesithandathu, ukuphuhliswa komzimba kukhatyathwa kwiindawo eziphezulu.
Ukongeza kokuphindaphinda ubunzima babo ekuzalweni, baninzi abantwana bafunda ukugqithisa ukusuka emhlane ukuya phambili, bahlala kunye nenkxaso, badlulise amathoyizi ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, benze isandi, baze balandele into ngamehlo.
Kususela kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kweyisithoba, abazali baqala ukubona ukunyuka okukhulu kwamehlo abo, ukuva, nokuhamba. Abantwana bangakwazi ukuhlala bexhaswa, bafikelele kumathoyizi phambi kwabo, kwaye bakhuphe kule minyaka. Njengoko i-dexterity yabo iphucula, ngokunjalo ukukwazi kwabo ukuyiqonda nokudlala ngeetayiti. Kulo phuhliso ekuphuhliseni, umbono womntwana ucacile ngokucacileyo njengowomntu omdala. Abazali baya kuqaphela ukuba abantwana babo baqala ukubonakalisa ukunqwenela okuthe tye, kubonisa ukuzonwabisa kwabo ngokutya abathile ngelixa bevakalisa ukungafuni ukutya abakuthandayo. Kwiinyanga ezintathu zokugqibela zonyaka wokuqala, abantwana banzima ngokuphindaphindiweyo kathathu kunokuba babenayo ekuzalweni kwaye sele bekhulile malunga nee-intshi ezili-10 ubude. Abantwana abaninzi baya kufunda ukuma ngaphandle koncediso kwaye baqale ukuthatha amanyathelo abo okuqala ngendlu, kaninzi bancedwa ngabantu abadala okanye ngokubamba ifenitshala eseduze.
Uphuhliso Lwanamhlanje kwiNtuthuko yabantwana
Namhlanje, ukukhula kwabantwana ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa ngokungenanto, kodwa inkulungwane nje edlulileyo ininzi engama-35 ekhulwini kubo bonke abatsha bazalwa ngaphambi kokufikelela kwiminyaka esixhenxe.
Ngelo xesha, izifo ezithathelwanayo ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukuvuthwa kwemasosha, i-smallpox, kunye ne-polio zibeka ingozi enkulu kumntwana okhulayo, zibeka engozini yokuxhatshazwa kwegazi, iingxaki zomzimba kunye nokufa. Ukwaziswa okwandisa malunga neengozi zezifo, ukuphucula ukondla, kunye nokucoceka kocociso kunabo bonke bancedise ekunyuseni kokufa kwabantwana kwiminyaka eyi-100 edlulileyo.
Kodwa-ke, ukugonywa, sisona sizathu esona sizathu esiphezulu sokuphila komntwana okuphuculweyo namhlanje. Ukugonywa kubandakanya ukunika umntwana into evuselela inkqubo yokukhusela umzimba kwakhona izifo ezithintekayo.
Xa ucinga ngokugonywa, mhlawumbi ucinga ngamagciwane aninzi abantwana abafumanayo njengabantwana kwaye ngaphambi kokuqala isikolo. Nangona kunjalo, ukugonywa okunokwenene kunokulawulwa ngeendlela ezininzi. Ukongeza kwiijovnyo, ukuphulukiswa komzimba (ukuphefumla kwintsimbi ngeempumlo) kunye nokutya (ukutya isidlo esinomgomo wokugonya ngomlomo) nazo ziqhelekileyo iindlela zokulawula ukugonywa. Kwezinye iimeko, abantwana banokubamba ukugula, njengenkukhu yenkukhu, oko kubangelwa ukuba bazikhusele kwixesha elizayo.