Ukuzibulala ngenye yezizathu ezibangela ukufa kubantu abadala kunye nentsha.
Enyanisweni, ngowama-2014, ubuncinane babulala aba-2,145 abaselula ngokuzibulala, okwenza kube yimbangela yesibini yokubangela ukufa kwabantu abatsha - emva kokulimala okungenakuzenzela. Okumangalisa kukuba, umdlavuza kunye nesifo senhliziyo beza kwinani elikude kakhulu elinesine nantlanu, malunga ne-800 ne-350 nganye yokufa.
Ngaphandle kwezilwanyana zokuzibulala, abantwana abaneminyaka engama-9 ukuya kwe-12 ubudala, ukuzibulala kuyimbangela ebangela ukufa, ukubeka njengowesine imbangela yokufa ngo-2014 kunye ne-117 yokufa kwabantu.
Imibare yokuzibulala
Ngelishwa, iinani libonisa ukuba izinga lokuzibulala elalutsha lisanda.
Emva komlinganiselo wokunciphisa amazinga okuzibulala ukusuka ngo-1996 ukuya ku-2007, amazinga okuzibulala asetsheni aye aphuculwa ngokunyuka.
Ngoba?
Iingcali aziqinisekanga okwamanje, kodwa iingcamango ziquka:
- ukwandisa ukufikelela kwizibhamu
- kunyusa utywala
- impembelelo ye-intanethi ye-intanethi, njenge-Facebook
- ukwanda kwamanani okuzibulala phakathi kwentsha ekhulile ekhonzayo, okanye ebuya e-Iraq
Enye inkolelo ehamba phambili kukuba ukunyuka kwabaselula ukuzibulala kuba nokuba ngabafundi abancinci bayaphathwa ngabaxinzelelo xa bexinezelekile. Oku kulandela isilumkiso se-FDA ka-2003 malunga neengcinezelo kunye nokuzibulala. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni uxinzelelo olungaphendulwanga luyimpembelelo yokuzibulala, abancinci abancinci abathwala izidandlululo bangaba nefuthe elingalindelekanga lokukhokelela ekuzibulala.
Ehlabathini lonke, malunga ne-90 000 intsha ibulala minyaka yonke, kunye nokuzama ukuzibulala ezigidi ezine. Oko kuthetha ukuba enye intsha ifa ngokuzibulala malunga nemizuzu emihlanu.
Ukuzibulala Kwezinto Ezijongene Nengozi Kwabantwana
Ukongezelela kokudandatheka okungaphendulwanga, ezinye izinto zokuzibulala ziquka:
- izifo zengqondo
- xhaphaza
- zizame ukuzibulala
- imfuza - imbali yentsapho yokuzibulala okanye izimo zengqondo
- ukuziphatha kakubi
- uhlukunyezo lwabantwana
- ukuhlaselwa ngokwesondo
- Iziganeko ezixinzelelekileyo, kuquka ukuhlukana kobudlelwane, iingxaki zentsapho, njl.
- nokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala
- zokutya izifo
- xhatshazwa
- ukuphuma esikolweni
- ukuthatha amayeza athile, kuquka i-anti-depressants, i-Strattera (i-atomoxetine), imithi ye-ADHD, kunye ne-Accutane (isotretinoin), esetyenziselwa ukuphatha abafana abane-acne nodscystic acne, kunye neziyobisi ezichasayo, ezifana neTegretol (carbamazepine), Depakoke (valproate) kunye neLamictal (lamotrigine)
Ukuzibulala kuxhaphakile nakwimisini yobusini kunye nabasini besini.
Imiqondiso Yokuzibulala
Ngokwe-American Association of Suicidology, imiqondiso yokuzibulala ingabandakanya:
- ukuba neengcinga zokuzibulala, esongela ukuzilimaza, efuna indlela yokuzilimaza, ukubhala ngokufa, kunye nezinye iintlobo zokuzibulala
- ukwanda kweziyobisi, kuquka ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunye neziyobisi
- iimvakalelo zokungenasiphelo okanye ukuba abanaso isizathu sokuphila
- iimpawu ezixhalabileyo
- Uziva uvalelwe nje ukuba akukho ndlela yokuphuma kwiimeko ezikhoyo okanye iingxaki
- iimvakalelo zokungathembeki
- ukuhoxiswa kubahlobo kunye nosapho kunye nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo
- ukuziva umsindo ongalawulwayo kunye nentukuthelo okanye ukufunela umntu
- usebenza ngokungenangqiqo nangengqiqo
- ukuguquka kwemizwelo
Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unesibonakaliso sokuzibulala, ungawahoyi. Thembela ama-instincts akho kwaye uzame ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi okanye ufune uncedo olongezelelweyo.
Ukuthintela Ukuzibulala Kwezingane
Ukongezelela kubo bonke abatsha abaphumelelayo ukuzibulala, baninzi abaninzi abazama ukuzibulala. Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba i-20 ukuya ku-25% yabaselula bayavuma ukucinga ngokuzibulala ngexesha elithile ebomini babo kunye nokuzibulala, kukho ukuzama ukuzibulala phakathi kwe-5 ukuya kwe-45.
Oku kwenza kubaluleke nakakhulu kubazali, oogqirha bezingane, kunye nabo bonke abantu abahlala bejikeleza abaselula ukuba baqonde indlela yokuzama ukukhusela ukuzibulala, njengokuba:
- ukuqaphela izinto ezinobungozi kunye nezilumkiso zokuzibulala
- ubiza iNational Prevention Prevention Lifeline ukuba ufuna iingcebiso ngokuthetha nentombazana enokucinga ukuba unokuzibulala izibonakaliso zokuzibulala
- ufuna uncedo lwezengcali, njengomntwana wakho wezilwanyana, isifo sengqondo somntwana, isibhedlele sengqondo, okanye igumbi lexakeka xa ucinga ukuba umntwana uya kuzinzakalisa
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izibhamu kunye nemichiza ayifumaneki lula ekhaya lakho ukuba umntwana wakho utshaba ukuzibulala
- ukufumana uncedo lwabafundi xa benesifo sokudakumba kunye / okanye uxhalaba , ezidla ukuba ziyingozi enkulu yokuzibulala
Ufanele uqinisekise ukuba abantwana bakho bayazi ukuba banokucela uncedo xa becinga ukuba bazilimaza ngokwabo, kuquka ukubiza iNational Prevention Prevention Lifeline - 1-800-273-TALK (8255), kubiza ugqirha wabo, bebiza 911, okanye ukuya kwinqanaba leengxaki zengingqi okanye kwigumbi loxinzelelo.
Imithombo:
Umbutho waseMelika weZiyolo. Isilumkiso sokuzibulala sibonakalisa iShidi leNkcazo.
Amaziko okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo (CDC). I-Web-based Injury Statistics Query kunye neNkqubo yokuBala (i-WISQARS) [I-intanethi]. (2014) Isiko seSizwe soKhuselo nokuLawulwa koKhuseleko, i-CDC (umvelisi). Kufumaneka kwi-http: //www.cdc.gov/injury/ wisqars / index.html.
I-Kliegman: uNelson Inkcazelo yeePediatrics, 18th.
IZiko leSizwe leeMpilo zoLwazi. 10 Izizathu Zokuqala Zokufa, eUnited States. Zonke iintlanga, zoBini zesondo.
Ukuzibulala kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. I-Greydanus DE-Prim Care; 34 (2): 259-73.
Sullivan et al. Imiba yokuzibulala phakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwe-24-e-United States, ngo-1994-2012. MMWR. Matshi 6, 2015/64 (08); 201-205.