Ulwabiwo lweMigangatho yoLwazi oluSebenzisiweyo kuPhando lweShyiloji
Ukusabalala ngokuphindaphindiweyo sisishwankathelo sokuba amanqaku amaninzi ahlukeneyo avela kwisampuli yamanqaku. Masiqwalasele ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kuthetha ukuthini oku.
Ukusasazwa Kwamaxesha Aso?
- Ixesha elinokuthi linokuchazwa nje ngantoni na into eyenzekayo. Ngokomzekelo, inani leenja abantu abahlala kuzo kummandla.
- Ukusasazwa kubhekisela kwipateni yalezi zihlandlo.
- Ukuhanjiswa kwexesha kubonakala ukuba izinto ezithile zenzeke kangakanani kwisampuli yexabiso. Ngokomzekelo wethu ngasentla, unokwenza uphando olummandla wakho ukuze ubone ukuba zininzi iinja nganye.
Masithi ufumana iisethi ezilandelayo ezilandelayo kwisampula:
1, 0, 1, 4, 1, 2, 0, 3, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 1, 3
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekuguquleni oku kube ukuhanjiswa kwexesha elide kukudala itafile. Yenza ikholomu enye yezinto ozibalayo, kule ngxaki inani lezinja kwimindeni yakho.
Emva koko, yakha ikholomu apho ungayenza khona iimpendulo. Beka umgca ngamnye kwimeko eyenzekayo.
Ekugqibeleni, zizonke iitalente zakho uze ungeze inombolo yokugqibela kwikholam yesithathu.
Inani leenja eMakhaya | Tally | Ukuphindaphinda |
0 | |||| | 4 |
1 | ||||| || | 7 |
2 | ||| | 3 |
3 | || | 2 |
4 okanye ngaphezulu | | | 1 |
Ukusebenzisa ukusasazwa kwexesha, ungakhangela iipatheni kwiedatha. Ukujonga etafileni apha ngasentla ungakujonga ngokukhawuleza ukuba kwimizi eyi-17 ihlolwe, iintsapho ezingama-7 zinenja enye ngelixa iintsapho ezi-4 zingenayo inja.
Omnye umzekelo woLwazi lokuSasazeka
Ngokomzekelo, masikuthathele ukuba uqokelela idatha malunga nokuba ziingaphi iiyure zokulala abafundi beekholeji zifumana ubusuku bonke. Emva kokuqhuba uphononongo lwabafundi abalingana nabo abangama-30, ushiywe ngala manqaku alandelayo:
7, 5, 8, 9, 8, 6, 9, 9, 9, 9, 6, 9, 9, 9, 7, 6, 10, 4, 8
Ukuze wenze ingcaciso ngale ngcaciso, kufuneka ufumane indlela yokuhlela idatha. Ukusabalala ngokuphindaphindiweyo kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwahlula ulwazi ukuze luguqulelwe ngokukhawuleza ngendlela ebonakalayo. Umzekelo wethu ngasentla, inani leeyure nganye ngeveki lisebenza njengezintlu kunye neziganeko zeenombolo nganye ziyazithengiswa.
Ingcaciso engentla ingenziwa kwitafile:
Iiyure zokulala | Tally | Ukuphindaphinda |
4 | ||| | 3 |
5 | ||| | 3 |
6 | |||| | 4 |
7 | ||||| | 5 |
8 | ||||| | 5 |
9 | ||||| | | 7 |
10 | || | 2 |
11 | | | 1 |
Ukujonga etafileni, unokukhawuleza ubone ukuba abantu aba-7 balala belele ngeeyure eziyi-9 ngelixa abantu aba-3 kuphela babecala ukuba balele iiyure ezine.
Ukusabalaliswa Kwamaxesha Okubonisa Njani?
Ukusebenzisa ulwazi ukusasazwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, abaphandi bangakwazi ukubala i- mean , i- median , imodeli, uluhlu kunye nokuphambuka okuqhelekileyo. Ukusabalalisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuboniswa kwifomati yetafile (njengoko ungayibona kumzekelo ofunyenwe ngezantsi), kodwa banokuboniswa ngokuchanekileyo usebenzisa i-histogram.
ILizwi
Ukusabalalisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokubonisa idatha enzima. Kuphando lwezesayikweni , ukuhanjiswa kwexesha elide kunokusetyenziswa ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo kwintsimi yamanani. Ngokomzekelo, cinga ukuba isazi senzululwazi sasinomdla ekujongeni indlela ukuxhalabisa kweemvavanyo kuchaphazela ngayo amabakala.
Esikhundleni sokukhangela nje inani elikhulu leemvavanyo, umphandi unokuqokelela idatha kwi-distribution distribution (frequency distribution) ekwazi ukuguqulwa ngokulula kwigrafu yebar. Ngokwenza oku, umphandi unokujonga ngokukhawuleza izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nobubanzi bamanqaku kunye nawaphi amanqaku ayenzeka kakhulu kuncinci.
> Imithombo:
> Blair-Broeker, CT, Ernst, RM, & Myers, DG. Ukucinga Ngokweengqondo: Inzululwazi yengqondo kunye nokuziphatha. ENew York: Macmillan; 2008.
> Cohen, BH. Ukuchaza izibalo zengqondo. ENew York: Wiley; 2013.