Abantu abadala abakhulileyo abaneengxaki zentlalo (SAD) banamava amaninzi okuphazamiseka komntu kwabancinci. Basenokuba nemizwa elandelayo:
- Ukwesaba ukuvavanywa kakubi ngabanye
- Ukuxhalabisa malunga nabantu abanegunya
- Ukukhuphaza ngexesha lokuthetha koluntu
Ukutya phambi kwabanye okanye ukusebenzisa iindawo zokuphumla zikarhulumente ezinye iinkxalabo eziqhelekileyo.
Nangona iimbono eziqhelekileyo kukuba ukuxhalaba kunye / okanye ukunyaniseka kuncipha ngeminyaka yobudala, oku kuyingxenye yinyani. Nangona ukuxhaphaka kweengxaki zokuxhalabisa kuboniswe ukuba kuncinci kubadala abadala, abantu abadala abadala bahlala bexhalabelekile, okanye banokuthi bafumane ukuxilongwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, izikhalazo zempilo yengqondo nezengqondo zingaphahla, kwaye ukuxilongwa koxhala kungabikho.
I-SAD kubantu asebekhulile ingaba nempembelelo ephawulekayo kumgangatho wobomi. Ukuba ukushiywa kungaphatywa, ukuxhalabisa kweentlalo kungaholela kwezinye iziphazamiso zempilo yengqondo , ezifana nokudandatheka. Kungenxa yoko, ukuba ungumdala omdala ohlala exhalabileyo, okanye unomzali okanye isihlobo esithile owaziyo sinobunzima, kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo.
Ukuxhalabisa kweNtlalo kunye nabantu abadala
Abantu abakhulu asebekhulile banomdla ngakumbi ngokubanzi, ngaba banxulumene na:
- ZeMpilo
- Imali
- Ingxaki yomzimba okanye yengqondo
- Ukulahleka kokuzimela
- Ukoyika ukufa
Izikhalazo zangokwenyama zihlala zidibanisa neengxaki zempilo yengqondo. Umzekelo, abantu abadala abadala abaneengxaki zempilo ezinjengezo zihambelana ne-thyroid okanye i-cardiovascular system bangabonakalisa iimpawu zomzimba eziba neengxaki zempilo yengqondo. Okona, abantu abadala asebekhulile abane-dementia banokuxhalabisa.
Ukuba, njengomdala omdala, utyelela ugqirha wakho kunye nomkhalazo wentliziyo, ukuphefumula okufutshane, okanye ukukhathazeka ngokucinga ngokucacileyo, ezo zinokuthi ziqale zichazwe njengezinto ezibonakalayo kunokuba zibonakalise iimpawu zengqondo. Kungenxa yesi sizathu sokuba oogqirha kunye nabaqeqeshi bempilo yengqondo kufuneka baqaphele ngakumbi kwaye baqaphele ukuphazamiseka kwezixhala kubantu abadala.
Ubuninzi bexhalaba leNtlalo kubantu abadala
Phakathi kwama-5 ekhulwini kunye neepesenti ezili-10 zabantu abadala abadala banenkinga yokuxhalabisa; bavame ukuba malunga nokuphindwe kabini kubasetyhini njengamadoda. Enyanisweni, ukuphazamiseka kwezixinzelelo kuboniswe ukuba kwenzeke kabini ngokuqhelekileyo kubadala abadala njengengcinezelo.
Abantu abadala abakhulileyo abaneengxaki zokuxhalaba banokuthi babe neempawu ezilandelayo:
- Nqanaba lemfundo ephantsi
- Engatshatanga
- Izimo ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu ezingapheliyo
Ukongeza, abantu abadala abadala abaye bajamelana nesiganeko esicinezelayo-njengokufa komlingane-banokuthi bafumane ubunzima bokukhathazeka kwentlalo.
Nangona kuyi nyaniso ukuba amazinga okudlwengula kwintlupheko yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle iyancipha kunye nobudala-isele iqhelekileyo-kunye nabantu abangama-5% abadala abadala abaye bafumana ingxaki ngexesha elithile ebomini babo.
Iimpawu zokuxhalabisa kweNtlalo kwiBantu abadala
Ukuxhalabisa kubantu asebekhulile baqala ukungazifumani kwaye bangazithobeli, kuba kudla ukudideka kunye neminye imiba efana neengxaki zempilo.
Ngokuchasene nabantu abancinci, abadala abadala bangabonakalisa iimpawu zabo ezixhalabileyo njengeengxaki zonyango okanye zeengxaki kunokukhathazeka kwengqondo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, baya kufuna udokotela wezonyango kunengcali yezempilo yengqondo.
Kwaye, ngokukhethekileyo kwingxaki yokuxhalaba kweentlalo, banokuziva benamahloni ukuthetha ngeentlanga zabo. Ngoxa abantu abaneengxaki zokuphazamiseka banokubonisa ukuba iimpawu ezixhalabileyo zibangelwa ngumzimba, oku akunjalo nakwabo abane-SAD.
Kunoko, unokwenza ukuba ukuxhalaba kwentlalo kubangelwa ukuba uqhube intliziyo kunye nokuphefumula, kodwa unenkathazo ekuchazeni ukuba xa ugqirha, kuba awufuni ukugwetywa.
Ngale ndlela, ingozi emithathu yokuba ngumdala omdala onokukhathazeka kwentlalo:
- Unempawu ezinokuthi zidideke ngokulula njengoko zinesizathu senyama ekudala.
- Unomdla ukuxelela ugqirha wakho oko ucinga ngokwenene (okanye ukhathazeka ukuba uhlale kwaye uthethe nodokotela kwindawo yokuqala).
- Unokuthi ube ngumntu omdala, ukuba uchaze iimpawu zakho ngendlela engokwenyama, ukuba unako ukuthetha ngazo ngabo bonke. Unokufumana into ethi "izandla zam ziyaqhayisa" okanye "intliziyo yam iyabaleka," kodwa ngaphandle kokuchazela indlela ozive ngayo ngokukhathazeka kweentlalo, ezi zimpawu ziyakuthi zichazwe ngokucacileyo.
Ungenzani?
Yiya kugqirha wakho ngencazelo ebhaliweyo yento oye uyiva ngayo kwaye uyinike. Oku kunokuba yinto elula kwaye akudingeki ukuba ucingisise le nto. Ukuba uyazi ukuba uya kuyika xa usufika eofisini, vele ulungise isishwankathelo seengxaki zakho. Ukuba unogqirha omuhle, kufuneka azimisele ukuthatha ixesha lokufunda oko ubhale.
Ngomqondiso ofanayo, ukuba unomzali onokucinga ukuba unenkxalabo yentlalo, kubalulekile ukukhuthaza loo mntu ukuba adibane nodokotela wakhe ngokukodwa malunga neempawu ezixhalabisa. Cwangcisa ukuhamba kunye noncedo ukuchaza imeko, okanye uncede ukulungiselela isishwankathelo kwangaphambili ukwenza izinto zibe lula.
Iziphumo Zokukhathazeka Kwezenhlalakahle Kwiidala Elidala
Ukuxhalabisa kubantu abadala abadala kuboniswe ukuba kudibaniswe nale ilandelayo:
- Ezinye iimpawu ezingenakuchazwa
- Ukugula okungapheliyo
- Ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba
- Ubunjani bomgangatho wobomi obuncinane
Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 abanengxaki yokuxhalaba banamathuba amathathu ukuya kweshumi ukufumana izibhedlele kunabantu abanenkxalabo abaselula.
Abantu abakhulileyo abanenkxalabo yentlalo banokuzimela phantsi kwaye babeka umthwalo omkhulu kwiintsapho zabo. Ba nokuba:
- Uneliseko lobomi obuncinane
- Imemori engaphelelekanga
- Ulunwabo olwandisiweyo
Abantu abadala abadala abanenkinga yokuxhalaba kwentlalo banokuziva bengacatshulwa. Abantu banokucinga ukuba ukuxhalaba kwabo kukuba "bakukhulile" kwaye banokuba novelwano olunzulu ngemeko yabo.
Konke oku kuthetha ukuba abadala asebekhulile abanenkxalabo yentlalo badinga uvelwano oluninzi. Bafuna uthando lwakho nenkxaso ukuba ngaba ngabazali bakho okanye bathandekayo. Yaye ukuba unomdala omdala ohlala kunye nokuxhalabisa, ungabi phantsi, uze uziqhenye ngezinto ezincinci.
Unyango lweNkxalabo yokuXhalabisa kweNtlalo kwiAdala abadala
Ukunyangwa kwengxaki yokuxhalaba kwintlalo kubantu abadala asebekhulile kulandela inkalo efanayo naleyo kubantu abatsha. Thetha ulwaphulo olunjengalezi zilandelayo:
Ukongezelela, amayeza (umz., Ii-SSRIs) anokumiselwa.
Unyango lwe-SAD lunokuba nzima kubadala abadala ngenxa yokudakumba, ezinye iingxaki zonyango, kunye nokuthotyelwa kwamachiza.
Umzekelo, umntu omdala angakulibala ukuthatha amayeza ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwengqondo okanye ukudideka okuphathelele kumachiza amaninzi. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kweyeza kunye novelwano kumachiza nako kunokukhathazeka ngokuqhelekileyo.
Iyeza elongezelelweyo nelinye lingasetyenziselwa nabantu abadala abadala abahlala bexhalaba. I-Biofeedback, ukuphumla kwe-muscle, i-yoga, ukuxilisa imithi, umculo, umdaniso, ukucebisa ngokomoya, ukunyanzelisa, ukucamngca, umthandazo, kunye nobugcisa yiyo yonke into enokuphandwa ngabantu abadala abakhathazekile.
Ukuphila Ngokukhathazeka Kwezenhlalakahle Njengomdala Omdala
Ngezantsi zingcebiso malunga nokuhlala nokukhathazeka kwentlalo xa usukhulile:
- Xa uchaza iimpawu ugqirha wakho , qiniseka ukuba wabelana ngezikhalazo ozibandakanye ngayo ekusebenzeni kwakho kwengqondo, ngaphezu kweenkxalabo zakho malunga nemiba yomzimba.
- Ukuba uhlala wedwa ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngumlingane, zama ukuxhuma kunye neenkxaso kuluntu lwakho ukuze kukuncede kubuhlungu bakho kunye nokulahlekelwa kwentlalo.
- Musa ukuhlazeka ngenxa yokuxilongwa kwesifo sokuxhalaba kwentlalo ekugugile. Ukungaphenduliwe, i-SAD inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezongezelelweyo zempilo kunye nengqondo yengqondo. Kungcono ukulawula imiba yempilo yengqondo njengoko kuphakama kunokuba uzame uzitshutshise phantsi kombhoxo kwaye unokufuneka ujongane nemicimbi emikhulu kamva.
- Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiyeza kwaye uhambelane nawaphi na amayeza anqunyiwe . Ukuba unobungozi ngokulandela imiyalelo yonyango ngenxa yokudideka okanye nokuba neyeza ezininzi, mvumele ukuba azi ukuba ufuna uncedo. Zama ukubhalisa ilungu lentsapho ukukunceda ukuba ulandelele okanye ufike kwiindawo zokuqeshwa.
- Joyina amaqela ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi enxulumene neyoga. Ukuchitha ixesha kwiqela kuya kunika ithuba lokuba nobuhlobo obutsha kwaye usebenze ekunqobeni uxhalaba lwakho loluntu.
ILizwi
Ingxaki yokuxhalaba kwintlalo kamva ebomini inokuba nzima kakhulu. Xa kuhlanganiswe neminye imiba yempilo yengqondo kunye nengqondo, kunokukhokelela kumgangatho omncinci wobomi. Ngethamsanqa, i-SAD yinkinga elula ukujongana-kunye nokuxilongwa okufanelekileyo nokunyango. Ukuba awuzange ufune isiluleko sakho ugqirha okanye ingcali yengqondo yengqondo, kubalulekile ukwenza njalo ngokukhawuleza.
> Imithombo:
> Chou KL. Ukukhathazeka kweentlalo kubantu abadala abadala: ubungqina obuvela kwi-National Epidemiologic Survey malunga notywala kunye neemeko ezinxulumene nazo. Ichaphazela ukungavumelani . 2009; 119 (1-3): 76-83. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jad.2009.04.002.
> UGauthier J. Ukuxhalabisa kwi-Elderly. www.anxietycanada.ca/english/pdf/ElderlyEn.pdf
> Gretarsdottir E, Woodruff-Borden J, Meeks S, Depp CA. Ukuxhalaba kweentlalo kubantu abadala abadala: ubunzima, ukusabalalisa nokulinganisa. Behav Res Ther . 2004; 42 (4): 459-475. I-doi: 10.1016 / S0005-7967 (03) 00156-6.
> Heimberg RG, uStein MB, uHiripi E, uKessler RC. Iintlobo zengxube ye-social phobia e-United States: uhlalutyo lwamaqela olutshintsho lwenguqu kwiminyaka emine. Eur Psychiatry . 2000; 15 (1): 29-37.
> Ukukhathazeka kubonisa njani abantu abadala abadala. http://www.mdedge.com/currentpsychiatry/article/64224/anxiety-disorders/how-anxiety-presents-different-older-adults.