Ukuziyeka kunokubuyisela ezinye iiMisebenzi kodwa kungekhona abanye
Akungabazeki ukuba i- methamphetamine ("meth") inokubangela ukuba kubekho umonakalo omkhulu kwaye ngezinye izikhathi umonakalo omkhulu kwingqondo. Umbuzo wukuthi umonakalo uphendulelwa xa umntu eyeka.
Ngelishwa, impendulo ayidla ngokulula. Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba omnye umonakalo uya kuqala ukuguquka xa umsebenzisi eyeka, kukho ezinye iintlobo zomonakalo ezinokuba nzima ukubuyela.
Oko sikwaziyo, nangona kunjalo, ukuba nayiphi na ukubuyiswa kwengqondo yengqondo iyakwenzeka kuphela emva kwexesha elide lokuziyeka.
Iintlobo zobungozi beBongo
Ukusetyenziswa kanzima okanye kwexesha elide le- methamphetamine kulimaza ubuchopho bubuchopho kunye ne-physiologically.
Ngenxa yokuba ubuchopho bujwayele ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngexesha lomlutha, ukuguqulwa kwemisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo kungathabatha ixesha ukulungelelanisa ukuba isigxina simisiwe. Kodwa, kwiimeko ezininzi, kuya kuthi, kwaye nayiphi na into engasebenzi ngayo kwi-biochemistry izakugqibela.
Ukususela kumbono womzimba, ukuguquka kungabi lula. Ekugqibeleni, i-causes eyonakalisa amangqamuzana ebuchopho, kunye nokukwazi ukuguqula lo monakalo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni yenzani ukulimala.
Ukuba kukho kwindawo apho ezinye iiseli zengqondo zihlawulela khona, ngoko kuphuculwa kweempawu kunokwenzeka. Ukuba, ngakwezinye, kwenzeka apho iiseli zizodwa ngakumbi kwaye zinemivuzo embalwa, ukulungiswa kunokuba nzima, ukuba akunakwenzeka.
Ekugqibeleni, kukho iindlela ezintathu ekusebenziseni ixesha elide umonakalo ingonakalisa ingqondo:
- Kubangela ukuba utshintsho lwe-neurotransmitter lukhulu
- Ukuvuza inkqubo yomvuzo wengqondo
- Ubangela ukufa kwengqondo yeseli
Iinguqu ze-Neurotransmitter
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide ngokukhawuleza kuguqula isithutha sezithungelwano zamaselula kunye nama-receptors (iinkqubo ezijongene nokuhambisa imiyalezo kuyo yonke ingqondo).
Ngenxa yokuba aba bathuthiyo kunye nama-receptors ngokuyinhloko banomthwalo wemfanelo yomntu, ukukhubazeka okungapheliyo kunokukhokelela kwiimpawu zokuxhalaba, ukucaphuka, ukunganakwa, ukuthukuthela, ukudandatheka kunye nokulala.
Xa kuthethwa oko, i-methamphetamine ngokwayo ayilimazi iiseli zesisondlo (neurons) ezifumana imiyalezo yemichiza. Bahlala behleli.
Ngaloo ndlela, ukuphela kweemeth kungakhokelela kwimimiselo yomsebenzi we-transporter kunye ne-receptor. Kwabanye abantu, oku kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa. Kwabanye, kungadinga ukufikelela kwiinyanga ezili-18 ukuguqula ngokupheleleyo ukungaxilisi.
Ukuvuza iMbuyekezo yoBongo
Umlutha we-Methamphetamine uwonakalisa ingqondo yengqondo (okanye umvuzo). Le mimandla yengqondo iquka indawo yendawo ye-ventral, i-nucleus accumbens, kunye ne-lobe yangaphambili.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-methamphetamine engapheliyo kubangela ukwanda kwinqanaba le-cytokines kwingqondo. Le yiklasi yeekhemikhali ezithi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ziqalise ukuphuhliswa kwe-synapses (ezintsha) phakathi kweeseli zengqondo. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba i-meth isetyenzisiweyo, ngakumbi ukuba i-cytokines izakuvelisa iindlela ezongezelelweyo phakathi kwe-neurons ukulungiselela umsebenzi okhulayo wengqondo.
Xa ezi zinguqu zenzekile, zihlala zihlala zisesigxina.
Ezi zinguqu zikhokelela ngokukodwa kwizikhanuko zamachiza umntu onokuziva xa eyeka.
Ubunzima beCain Death
Ukusetyenziswa kanzima kuyaziwa ngokubangela ukuba ukufa kweeseli kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho ezinxulumene nokuzithiba, kuquka i-lobe yangaphambili, i-nucleus, kunye ne-hippocampus. Imonakalo kule ndawo ingabonakalisa ngeempawu zeengqondo ezibonwa kwimeko yokutshabalalisa kwangoko, kubandakanya ukukhathazeka kwengqondo , ingqondo yengqondo kunye ne-schizophrenia.
Ngelishwa, ezi ziintlobo zeeseli aziqwalaselwe njengento engapheliyo. Umsebenzi wabo awukwazi ukuhlawulelwa ngamanye amaseli ebuchopho, kwaye nawuphi na umonakalo obangelwa kubo unokuthi unokuqwalaselwa unaphakade.
Ubunzima bokuguquka
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando lwezenzululwazi lujolise ekuhloliseni umphumo wexesha elide lokuziyeka ekusebenzeni kwengqondo kubasebenzisi be-methamphetamine yangaphambili.
Ukuhlaziywa kuka-2010 kwezifundo ezenziwe yiSebe lezeNgqondo kunye neZiko loPhando lwezobisi kakubi kwiYunivesithi yeTempile libhekiselele ekubuyiselweni komsebenzi wengqondo emva kokupheliswa kwezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo zokuzonwabisa, kuquka i-cannabis, i-MDMA, kunye ne-methamphetamine.
I-methamphetamine, abasebenzisi bexesha elide bebeqeshwe ngeenyanga ezintandathu bafumana amanqanaba amancinci kwizakhono zamandla, izakhono zomlomo kunye nemisebenzi yengqondo xa kuthelekiswa nesiqokelelo sabantu abangazange basebenzise. Emva kweenyanga ezili-12 ne-17, nangona kunjalo, amandla abo okwenza imisebenzi emininzi iphuculwe ngezakhono zemoto kunye nezetetho ezilingana nazo ezingabasebenzisi.
Omnye ummandla apho balele khona bekunemisebenzi yengqondo, apho abasebenzisi bokuqala babekho amathuba okubonakalisa ukuxinezeleka, ukunganakwa okanye ukugonywa.
Yintoni ongayilindela emva kokuyeka
Ukukwazi ukubuyisela umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wengqondo emva kokuyeka i-meth kunokuhluka kumntu kumntu. Ngokukodwa kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwakho ixesha elide, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kangakanani na, nokuba ungasisebenzisa kangakanani.
Xa kuthethwa oko, umntu owayesakuba ngumsebenzisi unokulindela ukuphucula kule mi sebenzi elandelayo kunye / okanye iimpawu kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 zokumisa:
- Ukubuyiselwa komsebenzi we-neurotransmitter kwiindawo zeengqondo ezilawula ubuntu
- Ukuqhelaniswa kweendlela zokufumana iingqondo kunye nabathumeli
- Ukuphucula ukuxinezeleka nokuxhalabisa
- Ukuzinza kokuguquguquka kwemizwelo
- Ukuphucula ukugxila kunye nokuqwalasela
- Zimbalwa zobusuku
- Ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwemvakalelo
Into enokuthi iphuculwe ngokukhawuleza yinto enqwenela izidakamizwa umntu angakwazi ukuhlangabezana nayo emva kweminyaka yokuziyeka. Le ngxaki ibangelwa ngumonakalo kwiphepha lokuzilawula kwengqondo (oko kukuthi, i-fasciculus retroflexus kunye nommandla we-ventral tegmental).
Ukujongana nale minqweno, umntu owayesakuba ngumsebenzisi kufuneka azinikele kwinkqubo yokuvuselela ngokubanzi kunye nenkqubo ye- neurogenesis apho umntu efunda ukuzithiba ukuze akhuthaze umsebenzi kwi-fasciculus retroflexus kunye nommandla we-ventral tegmental.
> Imithombo:
> Gould, T. "Umlutha > kunye noCognition." Umlutha weSci Clin Pract. 2010; 5 (2): 4-14. PMCID: PMC3120118.
> Isizwe seSizwe sokuSetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi. "Ziziphi iziphumo ezide zexesha lokusetyenziswa kakubi kwe-methamphetamine?" EBethesda, eMaryn; hlaziywa ngoSeptemba 2013.