Sisiphi Isitalelo Sokufunda Unayo?
Izitayela zokufunda ziyingcamango eyaziwayo kwiingqondo kunye nemfundo kwaye zijoliswe ekuboneni indlela abantu abafunda ngayo. Imodeli yeVARK yemigangatho yokufunda ibonisa ukuba kukho iindidi ezine eziphambili zabafundi. Ezi ntlobo ezine eziphambili zi:
- Abafundi ababonwayo
- Abaviwa abaphicothiweyo
- Ukufunda / ukubhala abafundi
- Abafundi beKinesthetic
Sekude kube ngumbuzo malunga nokuba ngabafundi bafunda kakuhle xa iindlela zokufundisa kunye nemisebenzi yesikolo ibambisana nesitayela sabo sokufunda, amandla okufunda nokukhetha.
Ukuthandwa kwale ngcamango kwandiswe ngokuphawulekayo phakathi kwee-1970 neye-1980, nangona ubungqina bubonisa ukuba ukukhetha okufundwayo kwinto engenako ukuba nefuthe langempela kwiziphumo zokufunda. Nangona uphando olukhoyo lufumene ukuba iindlela zokufundisa ezihambelanayo nezitayela zokufunda azichaphazeli kwiziphumo zemfundo, umgaqo weendlela zokufunda uhlala uthanda kakhulu.
VARK Ukufunda izitayela
Zininzi iindlela ezahlukileyo zokuhlukanisa iindlela zokufunda kuquka umzekelo kaKolb kunye neendlela zokufunda zaseJungian . Imodeli kaVark yeNeil Fleming yenye yezona zibonakaliso ezidumileyo. Ngowe-1987, uFleming wenza i-inventory eyenzelwe ukusiza abafundi kunye nabanye ukuba bafunde okungakumbi ngokukhetha kwabo ngabanye.
Kwimodeli kaFleming, edlalwa ngokuba yimigangatho yokufunda i-VARK, abafundi bachongwa ukuba ngaba bakhetha ukufunda ukufunda (imifanekiso, iifilimu, imifanekiso), ukufunda (audited music), ukufunda, nokubhala (ukwenza uluhlu , ukufunda iincwadi zezifundo, ukuthatha amanqaku), okanye ukufunda kwimizimba (ukunyakaza, ukuvavanya, ukwenza imisebenzi).
Uhlobo luni lofundi?
Ukuze kuchongwe uhlobo oluthile lwabafundi, uFleming wenza i- self-report-reporting inventory eyenza uluhlu lweemeko kunye nabaphenduliweyo bacelwa ukuba bakhethe iimpendulo eziphambili ngendlela ekhethiweyo yokufunda.
Umzekelo:
Khawucinge ukuba ufunda indlela yokwenza ubuchule obutsha obunjengokukhwela ibhayisikili okanye ukudansa isitayela esithile somdaniso.
Ungayifunda ngayiphi indlela lo buchule olufanelekileyo?
- Ukujonga imifanekiso yabantu abenza ubuchule
- Ukuphulaphula iingcali kuchaza indlela yokwenza lo msebenzi
- Ukufunda malunga nendlela yokwenza umsebenzi kwincwadi
- Ukubukela omnye umntu wenza ubuchule kwaye uzame ngokwakho
Ukuba ukhethe inamba eyodwa, ngoko unokuba ngumfundi obonakalayo. Ukuba ukhetha ukuphulaphula umntu ukuba uchaze njani ukwenza lo msebenzi, ngoko unokuba ngumfundi ophicothiweyo. Abo banqwenela ukufunda imigaqo ebhaliweyo banokufunda / ukubhala abafundi, ngelixa abo bafuna ukufumana amava-mava baninzi ngabafundi be-kinesthetic. Jonga ngokukhawuleza ukuba yiyiphi imigaqo yokufunda iVARK.
Abafundi abazibonayo
Abafundi ababonayo bafunda kakuhle ngokubona. Imibukiso yezobugcisa ezifana neetshathi, imifanekiso, imifanekiso, izibonelelo kunye neevidiyo zizo zonke izixhobo zokufunda ezinokubaluleka kubafundi abazibonayo. Abantu abakhetha olu hlobo lokufunda banokuboni ukuba bafumane ulwazi olwenziwe kwimbonakalo kunokuba lubhalwe phantsi.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba ungabonwa ngumfundi, phendula le mibuzo elandelayo:
- Ngaba kufuneka ubone ulwazi ukuze ukhumbule?
- Ingaba ubeka ingqalelo kwiilwimi zomzimba ?
- Ngaba ubugcisa, ubuhle, kunye ne-aesthetics kubalulekile kuwe?
- Ngaba ukujonga ulwazi kwingqondo yakho kukunceda ukhumbule kangcono?
Ukuba unokuphendula ewe kule mininzi yale mibuzo, amathuba kukuthi unendlela yokufunda ebonakalayo.
Abafundi abasemaphandleni
Abafundi (okanye abaphicothiweyo) abafundi bafunda ngokufanelekileyo ngolwazi lokuva. Bajwayele ukufumana ezininzi kwiintetho kwaye bakulungele ukukhumbula izinto abazitsheliweyo.
Ngaba ungumfundi ophicothiweyo? Cinga ngale mibuzo elandelayo:
- Ngaba ukhetha ukuphulaphula iintetho zeklasi kunokufunda kwiincwadi zezifundo?
- Ngaba ukufunda ngokuvakalayo kukunceda ukhumbule ulwazi olungcono?
- Ngaba ungathanda ukuphulaphula ukurekhoda kweengxoxo zakho zeklasini okanye ipodcast kunokuba ungene amanqaku akho eklasi?
- Ngaba udala iingoma ukunceda ukukhumbula ulwazi?
Ukuba uphendule ewe kule mininzi yale mibuzo, ngoko mhlawumbi ungumfundi ophicothiweyo.
UkuFunda nokubhala Abafundi
Ukufunda nokubhala abafundi bakhetha ukuthatha ulwazi oluboniswe njengamazwi. Izinto zokufunda ezijoliswe ngokukodwa kwizibhalo zisekelwe kakhulu ngaba bafundi.
Ngaba unokuba ngumfundi wokufunda nokubhala? Funda ngale mibuzo elandelayo uze ucinge malunga nokuba ingafaka isicelo kuwe.
- Ngaba ufumanisa ukufunda incwadi yakho yombhalo ukuba ube yindlela enkulu yokufunda ulwazi olutsha?
- Ngaba uthatha amanqaku amaninzi ngexesha leklasi kwaye ngelixa ufunda iincwadi zezifundo?
- Ngaba unandipha ukwenza izintlu, ukuchaza iinkcazo, nokudala iintetho?
- Ngaba uyayithanda xa ootitshala basebenzisa izinto ezininzi kunye nezibonelelo?
Ukuba uphendule ewe kule mibuzo, mhlawumbi unokukhetha okunamandla kwindlela yokufunda nokubhala yokufunda.
Kinesthetic Abafundi
Abafundi be-Kinesthetic (okanye abathintekayo) bafunda ngokufanelekileyo ngokuthintela nokwenza. Amava enamava kubalulekile kubafundi bezilwanyana ezincinci.
Ngaba awuqinisekanga ukuba ungumfundi osondelene naye? Phendula le mibuzo ukuze ufumane:
- Ngaba uyakuvuyela ukwenza imisebenzi echaphazela ngokuchanekileyo izinto kunye nezinto eziphathekayo?
- Ngaba kunzima ukuba uhlale ixesha elide ixesha?
- Ngaba ulungile kwimisebenzi esetyenziswayo njengokupenda, ukupheka, umatshini, ezemidlalo kunye nokusebenza kwemithi?
- Ngaba kufuneka uyenze ukwenza into ethile ukuze ufunde?
Ukuba uyiphendule ewe kule mibuzo, ngoko unokuba ngumfundi wesondlo.
Ngaba Kunceda Ukwazi Indlela Yakho Yokufunda?
Ukusebenza kwemodeli kaVARK kunye nezinye iifriji zendlela yokufunda sele zibuzwa kwaye zigxeka kakhulu. Ukukhangela kwimizekelo emikhulu yokufundwa kwendlela yokufunda iphakamisa ukuba izixhobo ezenzelwe ukuvavanya indlela yokufunda nganye ziyibuzaza, ngelixa abanye abahlalutyi baphakamise ukuba ukubethelwa kwabafundi njengendlela yokufunda ekhethekileyo kunokusithintela ukufunda.
Nangona ukugxeka kunye nokungabi ncedwa kwezemfundo, imodeli yeVARK ihlala isithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabafundi kunye nootitshala. Abafundi abaninzi banokukuqonda ngokukhawuleza ukuba batyelelwe kwindlela ethile yokufunda. Abanye banokufumanisa ukuba ukhetho lwabo lokufunda luhlala kwindawo ephakathi. Ngokomzekelo, umfundi unokuziva ukuba kokubili ukufunda kunye nokuhlola okuphicothwayo kuyona nto ibonakalayo.
Nangona ukulungelelaniswa kwezicwangciso zokufundisa kwiindlela zokufunda ezinokuthi zingasebenzi, ngabafundi banokufumanisa ukuba ukuqonda iimfuno zabo zokufunda kunokunceda. Umzekelo, ukuba uyazi ukuba ukufunda okubonakalayo kukubhenela kakhulu, ukusebenzisa izicwangciso zokufunda ngokubambisana nezinye iindlela zokufunda kunokukunceda ukuba ukhumbule kangcono inkcazelo oyifunayo-okanye ubuncinci ukwenza ukuba ukufunda kujabulise.
Ukuba akukho lukhetho lokufunda olulodwa lufuna kuwe okanye utshintshe izinto ezikhethiweyo ngokubhekiselele kwimeko okanye uhlobo lwengcaciso olufundayo, mhlawumbi unokwaziwa njengesitayela se- multimodal .
Umzekelo, unokuthembela ekukhethweni kwakho kokufunda nokubhala xa usebenza neklasi efuna ukufundwa kwencwadi kunye nokuthatha inqaku, njengembali yekhosi yengqondo. Ngexesha lobugcisa beklasini, unokuxhomekeka ngakumbi kwizinto ozibonayo nezibonakalayo njengoko uthatha ulwazi olusesikweni kwaye ufunde iindlela ezintsha.
Imithombo:
> Fleming N. Isingeniso kuVark. http://vark-learn.com/introduction-to-vark/
> Pashler H, McDaniel M, Rohrer D, Bjork R. Izitayela zokuFunda: Iingcamango kunye nobungqina. Iingcali zeNzululwazi kwiNxaxheba yoluntu 9, 105-119; 2009.