I-lithium inqunywe njengento yokuqiniswa kwemizwelo kubantu abanentsholongwane ye-bipolar. Isebenza ukunceda ukulawula i-mania, i-hypomania, ukuxinezeleka, kunye nengqondo yengqondo ehambelana nale meko.
I-lithium yinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo efunyenwe, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka ye-1800, ukuba neemeko ezizinzileyo zokuzinzisa. Iphepha lokuqala ekusebenziseni i-lithium ukunyanga oko kwakubizwa ngokuba yi-manic depress kwanyatheliswa ngo-1949.
I-FDA ivumile i-lithium ngo-1970. Okwangoku, indlela ekhethekileyo ye-lithium inceda abantu abaneengxaki ze-bipolar ezinzima kwaye abaziqondi kakuhle.
Ixesha Lithium Linikwe?
I-lithium ivunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ukuphatha iziganeko zomntu zentsholongwane ye-bipolar xa iimpawu ezinjenge- grandiosity , iingcamango zokuxhatshazwa , ukuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo , ukuhlambalaza , ukuguqulwa kunye nokunciphisa isidingo sokulala. Nangona kunjalo, uye waboniswa ukuncedisa iimpawu ezixinezelekileyo, iimpawu zeengqondo kunye neepisodes ezixubekileyo.
Olunye uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba i-lithium inokusebenza kakuhle ekuphatheni ukudandatheka kwe-unipolar (ukudandatheka ngaphandle kwe-mania ebonwe nengxaki yokuguquguquka kwengqondo) xa idibene kwenye okanye ezinye iilwimi zokudandatheka, ngoko ngoko oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha bayayichazela oko, naye.
Xa I-Lithium Ingabhaliswa Ngayo?
I-lithium inokulimaza iinjongo zakho, ngakumbi ngokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide. Zonke izigulane kufuneka zihlolwe iingxaki zeengtso ngaphambi kokuqala i-lithium, kwaye kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo ngelixa zithatha i-lithium, ngokunjalo.
Ukuba iingxaki ezintle zeengxaki zibonakaliswe ekuhlolweni kokuqala, i-lithium kufuneka imiselwe kuphela ngokunyamekela nokuvavanya okufutshane. Ukuba iingxaki zeengtso ziphuhliswa kamva, ugqirha wakho unokujonga ukuyeka i-lithium, kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphinde umonakalo xa uyeka ukuthabatha amayeza.
Kukho imeko ezininzi zezokwelapha kunye neemeko ezifuna ukuba uqaphele ngokukhethekileyo xa i-lithium imiselwe:
- se tyenziso
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ACE inhibitor
- intliziyo ebalulekileyo okanye isifo se-vascular
- ukuxhatshazwa kwamanzi; i-sodium ne-electrolyte engaqhelekanga
Ukhuseleko kunye ne-Lithium ayinakunyulwa kubafundi abangaphantsi kwe-12, ngoko le chiza alivunyelwanga ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana.
Izilumkiso NgeLithium
Kukho izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo kubantu abathatha i-lithium. Ezi ziquka:
- Amanqanaba egazi le-lithium kufuneka ahlolwe rhoqo. I-lithium inokuba yingozi xa izinga lento egazini lakho liphezulu kakhulu. Iimpawu ze-lithium ziquka uhudo, ukuhlanza, ukuthuthumela, iingxaki ezihambahambayo, ukulala, okanye ubuthathaka. Bika enye yezo mpawu ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuthatha i-lithium ye-bipolar disorder kungabangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-lithium nephrogenic yesifo se-diabetes insipidus (NDI). Esi sisifo esinqabileyo apho izintso zakho zehluleka ukuphindaphinda amanzi, okukhokelela ekugqibeleni kakhulu. Ukuba uqaphela ukuba unxaniwe kwaye ujikeleza kakhulu, khaza ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukubika iimpawu zakho.
- Ukuba uya kufakwa phantsi kwe-anesthetics - yithetha, ukuba utyando - qiniseka ukuba oogqirha bayazi ukuba uthatha i-lithium.
Ukuqapha xa uthatha iLithium
- Qinisekisa ukuba ugcine utywala oqhelekileyo kunye notyuwa xa uthatha i-lithium. Ukunyuka kwamanzi okanye amanqanaba aphantsi kwesodium egazini inokuba yingozi.
- Ukukhupha ixesha elide, uhudo, okanye umkhuhlane ophezulu kunokubangela ukunyamezela kwakho kwi-lithium ukunciphisa kwaye kunokufuna unyango. Hlola nodokotela wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu.
- I-lithium inokubangela ukwandisa i-thyroid kunye nomsebenzi wokuziqonda. Ugqirha wakho kufuneka ahlole amanqanaba e-calcium yegazi ngexesha eliqhelekileyo, njengoko ezi zixhunyiwe kumsebenzi we-greyathy, kunye ne-thyroid engasebenzi.
Kukho uluhlu olude lweemithi ezinokuthi zingabandakanyekanga ne-lithium okanye zandisa ingozi yemiphumo emibi.
Ezinye iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo ezichazwe kwi-bipolar disorder ziwela kulolu hlobo. Ziquka:
- Abalindi bee-calcium zesitishi (ukusebenzisana kunokuba lukhulu)
- Clozapine (Clozaril)
- I-Cymbalta (duloxetine)
- Celexa (citalopram)
- Lexapro (escitalopram)
- Luvox (i-fluvoxamine)
- Paxil (paroxetine)
- Iprozac (i-fluoxetine) (idinga ukuqwalaselwa okufutshane ngugqirha wakho)
- Risperdal (risperidone)
- I-Tegretol (i-carbamazepine) (intsebenziswano ingaba yingozi)
- Zoloft (sertraline)
- Zyprexa (olanzapine)
Imiphumo emibi yeLithium
Iimiphumo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ze-lithium, ezinokuhamba emva kokusetyenziswa kokuqala, zi:
- ukunyuka kwamaxesha okuchama okanye ukulahleka kokulawulwa kwebladder
- ukoma ukwanda
- isicathulo sengqondo
- ukuthuthumela kwesandla
Ukunyusa inzuzo phezu kwexesha kuqhelekile.
Ukukhulelwa noNyango
I-lithium iyaziwa ngokubangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, kwaye ingozi inyuke xa enye imo-stabilizer (njenge-carbamazepine) ithathwa nayo. Ukuba uneminyaka yobudala, ukhulelwe, okanye ukhulelwe ngenkathi uthatha i-lithium, xubusha oku ngogqirha wakho.
I-lithium idityaniswe ubisi lwebele, ngoko ke abasetyhini bayacetyiswa ukuba bangabelisi iintsana ngelixa bathabatha le mayeza.
Imithombo:
Abazali, uDavide. Malunga neLithium NDI. Isifo seSabetes Insipidus Foundation . 2003.
McKnight RF, Adida, M, Budge, K, Stockton S, Goodwin, GM, Geddes, JR. Iprofayili yetyhefu yeprothiyithi: ukuhlolwa ngokucwangcisiweyo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwemeta. Lancet. 20 Jan 2012.
Roxane Laboratories. I-Lithium I-FDA Information Information, Effects Side and Usees. Drugs.com . Novemba 2009.
Thomsen HealthCare. Ulwazi Lwabasebenzisi beLithium. Drugs.com . Apheliswe.