Iimbangela zihlukeneyo njengempawu kunye nonyango
Xa abantu bacinga ngexinzelelo, bahlala behlula kwizinto ezimbini-kungakhathaliseki ukuxinezeleka kliniki okufuna unyango okanye uxinzelelo "oluqhelekileyo" oluninzi umntu onokulufumana. Njengemeko, ukuxinezeleka kungaba yinto enzima ukuyiqonda kuba siyibhekisela kuyo njengombonakalo wesimo kunye nemeko ngokwayo.
Ukusuka kwimbono yezokwelapha, ukuxinezeleka kuchazwa ngxaki yokukhathazeka kwemizwelo ebangela ukuba uhlale uvakalelwa kwaye ulahlekelwa ngumdla kwizinto ezinokukukholisa. Ichaphazela indlela oziva ngayo, ucinge, kwaye uziphathe kwaye ungaphazamisa amandla akho okusebenza kwaye uqhubeke nobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zokudakumba, ezinye zazo esingaziqondi ngokupheleleyo. Iintlobo ezisixhenxe eziqhelekileyo ziquka ezi zilandelayo.
1 - Ingxaki enkulu yoxinzelelo (MDD)
Xa abantu besetyenziselwa ukuxinezeleka kwekliniki , ngokuqhelekileyo babhekiselele kwingxaki enkulu yokudandatheka (MDD). Ingxaki enkulu yokudandatheka yinkinga yesimo sengqondo esichazwe yinkalo yezinto eziphambili:
- Imvakalelo ecindezelekileyo
- Ukungabi nentshisekelo kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo yokuzonwabisa
- Utshintsho obunzima
- Iinguqu zokulala
- Ukukhathala
- Imiva yokungenanto kunye netyala
- Unzima ukugxila
- Iingcamango zokufa nokuzibulala
Ukuba umntu ufumana ubuninzi beempawu ezide kunexesha eliveki ezimbini, baya kufuthi bafumane i-MDD.
2 - Inkathazo yokuPhepha
I-Dysthymia , ngoku eyaziwa njengengxaki yokuhlala ecindezelekileyo, ibhekisela kuhlobo lokudandatheka okungapheliyo oluneentsuku ezingaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbini. Ingaba ngumnene, ulinganise okanye unzima.
3 - I-Bipolar Disorder
Ingxaki ye-bipolar yinkinga yesimo sengqondo ebonakaliswe ngamaxesha eemeko ezingaqhelekanga ezibizwa ngokuba yi-mania. Ezi zihlandlo ze-mania zingaba zincinci (i-hypomania) okanye zinokuba zibi kakhulu ukuba zibangele ukukhubazeka okuphawulekayo ngobomi bomntu, zidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlele, okanye zichaphazele ingqondo yomntu. Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo sengqondo sokuphefumula i-bipolar baneziganeko zokudakumba okukhulu.
Ukongeza kwimiba ecindezelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa intshisekelo kwimisebenzi, abantu abanexinzelelo lwe-bipolar bahlala benemiqondiso yeempawu zenyama kunye neemeko ezingabandakanya:
- Ukukhathala, ukulala, nokunyaniseka
- I-aches engabonakaliyo, iintlungu, kunye nokukhathazeka kwengqondo
- Ukungabi nethemba nokulahlekelwa yinto yokuzithemba
- Ukutshatyalaliswa nokuxhalabisa
- Ukungahambi kakuhle kunye nokulungelelaniswa
Umngcipheko wokuzibulala kwi-bipolar isifo esingaphezu kwezi-15 kunabantu bonke. I-Psychosis (kubandakanywa iilucucinations kunye nokukhohliswa) nayo ingenzeka nakwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu.
Ukuxinezeleka kwe-Postpartum 4
Ukukhulelwa kungabangela ukutshintshwa kwe-hormonal ephawulekayo enokuthi iphazamise imvakalelo yowesifazane. Ukuxinezeleka kunokuqalisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye emva kokuzalwa komntwana.
Uxinzelelo lwePostpartum lungaphezulu koko "nje umntwana". Iyakwazi ukuhlula ukusuka ekunyameni nokunyamezela okuqhubekayo okufuna unyango lwezokwelapha yonke indlela ukuya kwi- psychosis postpartum , imeko apho isiqephu sengqondo sikhatshwa ukudideka, ukuhlaziywa okanye ukukhohlisa.
I-5 - Ixesha elichaphazelekayo lokugula (SAD)
Ukuba ufumana uxinzelelo, ubuthongo, kunye nokuzuza ubunzima phakathi neenyanga zasebusika kodwa uzive ulungile kakuhle entwasahlobo, unokufumana imeko eyaziwa ngokuba yimpucuko yengxaki yonyaka (SAD ), okwangoku kuthiwa yi-disorder major disorder, kunye nephethini yonyaka.
I-SAD ikholelwa ukuba ibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwisigqi sesigqirha somzimba. Ukukhanya okungena ngamehlo kuyathonya le ngqungquthela, kwaye nayiphi na iinguqu zonyaka ngexesha lomboniso / ubusuku kungabangela ukuphazamiseka okubangele ukuxinezeleka.
I-SAD ixhaphake kakhulu kwimimandla ekumntla okanye kwimimandla ekumzantsi-ntshona yeplanethi kwaye iyakwazi ukuphathwa ngonyango olulula ukuphelisa ukulahleka kwexesha emini.
6 - I-Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Phakathi kweempawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo se-premenstrual syndrome (PMS) ziyakhathazeka, ukukhathala, ukuxhalaba, ukunyamezela, ukuxubha, ukunyusa ukutya, izifiso zokutya, i-aches, kunye nesifuba sebele.
I-Premenstrual dissystric disorder (PMDD) ivelisa iimpawu ezifanayo, kodwa ezo zihambelana nomoya zibizwa ngakumbi. Zingaquka:
- Ukukhathala okukhulu
- Ndiziva ndibuhlungu, ndingenathemba, okanye ndizigxeka
- Imvakalelo enzulu yokuxinezeleka okanye ukuxhalabisa
- I-Mood iguquka, ngokuhlala ihamba ngokukhala
- Ukutshatyalaliswa
- Ukungakwazi ukugxila
- Ukuthanda okanye ukutya
Ukunyanga kwama-hormonal kungasetyenziselwa ukongeza kwi-anti-depressants kunye neenguqu zokuphila.
7 - Ukunyanzeliswa kweAtypical
Ngaba ufumana iimpawu zokudakumba (njengokutya ngokutya, ukulala kakhulu, okanye uvakalelo obukhulu ukugatywa) kodwa uzakufumana ngokukhawuleza ukuphazamiseka ebusweni besiganeko esihle?
Ngokusekelwe kwezi zimpawu, unokuthi ufumaneke ukuba unesifo sokudakumba , uhlobo lokudandatheka olungalandeli into ebeyicingelwa ukuba yiyo "inqobo" yokubonisa ingxaki. Uxinzelelo lwe-Atypical lubonakalisa isethi ethile yempawu ehambelana ne:
- Ukutya okugqithisileyo okanye ukuzuza ubunzima
- Ukulala ngokweqile
- Ukukhathala, ubuthathaka novakalelo "
- Ubukhulu obunzulu bokugatya
- Iimvakalelo ezinamandla
Eyona yinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu kunokuba igama lingasichaza. Ngokungafani nezinye iintlobo zokudakumba, abantu abanexinzelelo be-atypical baphendula kangcono uhlobo oluthile oluxhatshazwayo olubizwa ngokuba yi- monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAO) .
> Umthombo:
> I-American Psychiatric Association. (2013) Inkcazo yokuxilonga kunye neenkcukacha zeengxaki zeengqondo (umxholo wesi-5). Washington, DC: APA.