Ngokomxholo we-trichromatic wembala wombala, owaziwa ngokuba yi-Young-Helmholtz imfundiso yombala, kukho iimbumba ezintathu kwi-retina ezijongene nombono wombala. I-receptor enye iyayikhathalela umbala ohlaza, enye ibe ngumbala okwesibhakabhaka kunye nesithathu kumbala obomvu. Le mibala emithathu inokudibaniswa ukuze ifake nayiphi na imibala ebonakalayo kwibala.
Imfundiso yeTrchromatic: Imvelaphi
Sinokubona njani umbala? Kuye kwavela ezininzi iinkolelo ukucacisa le nto, kwaye enye yeyokuqala neyona yaziwa kakhulu yiyintetho ye-trichromatic.
Abaphandi ababini abaziwayo, uThomas Young kunye noHermann von Helmholtz, bancedise kwiingcamango ezibonakalayo zombala. Le ngqungquthela yaqala xa uTomas Young ephakamisa ukuba umboniso wembala umphumo kwizenzo zamathathu ahlukeneyo. Ngethuba le-1802, i-Young yaphakamisa ukuba iliso liqulethe iiseli ze-photoreceptor ezahlukileyo ezahlukileyo kwizinto ezihlukeneyo zokukhanya ezibonakalayo.
Kwakusemva kwiminyaka ye-1800 umphandi uHermann von Helmholtz wandisa kwi-theory ye-Young's theory kwaye wacetyiswa ukuba i-cone receptors zeso yayingumlinganiselo we-wavevel (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), i-wavelength ephakathi (eluhlaza), okanye ubude obude obude (obomvu) . Wacetyisa ukuba kwakungamandla ampawu ezifunyenwe ngamaseli e-receptor ezichaza indlela ubuchopho buchaza ngayo umbala kwimeko.
U-Helmholtz ufumene ukuba abantu abanombono oqhelekileyo wombala badinga ukukhanya kweevelengths ezintathu ukudala imibala eyahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa uluhlu lwezilingo.
- U-Helmholtz wasebenzisa iimvavanyo zokufanisa umbala apho abathathi-nxaxheba babeya kutshintshisa inani lemilinganiselo emithathu yokukhanya ukulinganisa umbala wokuvavanya.
- Abathathi-nxaxheba abazange bakwazi ukufanisa imibala ukuba basebenzisa ii-longuevelengths kuphela, kodwa banokufanisa nayiphi na imibala kwibala xa besetyenzisile abathathu.
- Le ngqungquthela yaziwa ngokuba yi-Young-Helmholtz imfundiso yombala.
Receptors Color
Ukuchongwa kwabafundi abathathu abajongene nombono wemibala akuzange kwenzeke de kube ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 emva kwesiphakamiso sombono wombono ocebileyo. Abaphengululi bafumene ukuba iigunki zoguqu zinamazinga ahlukeneyo okutywala. IiCones zi-receptors ezifumaneka kwi-retina ezijongene nombono wombala kunye neenkcukacha.
Ama-receptor receeors ahluke kwiimali zokungenisa ngenxa yemali ye-opsin amino acid kwi-receptor. Ama-receptor amathathu ahlukeneyo:
- Iimfesane zokufumana i-wavevel cone,
- Ama-receiver cone-median, kunye
- I-long-wavelength cone receptors.
Inkcazo yeTrchromatic kunye neNkcazo yeNtshutshiso
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, inkolelo ye-trichromatic yayivame ukuhanjiswa njengolukhuphiswano kunye nenkqubo yokuchasana nenxaxheba ekuchazeni umbala wembala. Namhlanje, kukholelwa ukuba zombini imibono ingasetyenziselwa ukuchaza indlela inkqubo yombono osebenza ngayo kwaye ukuba inkolelo nganye isebenza kwinqanaba elithile leenkqubo ezibonakalayo. Umbono we-trichromatic uchaza indlela umbala wembonakaliso osebenza ngayo kwinqanaba le-receptor. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkolelo yenkcaso yenkcaso, inikeza inkcazo yokuba isebenza njani kwinqanaba le-neural.
> Imithombo:
> Goldstein, EB (2009). Ukuqonda kunye nePerception. EBelmont, CA: iWadsworth.
> Young, T. (1802). Ukufunda kweBakeria: Kwi-Theory of Light and Colors. Intsebenzo yefilosofi yeRoyal Society A. London. 92: 12-48. i-doi: 10.1098 / rstl.