Ukujonga okungenakuhambelana nexesha eliqhelekileyo lixesha elisetyenziswe ngumbono wezengqondo zezenzo zikaCarl Rogers ukuchaza ubuchule obusetyenziswa kwi-non-directive, unyango olujoliswe kumakhasimende .
Isebenza kanjani lento? Ngokutsho kukaRogers, ukubambisana okungenammiselo kubandakanya ukubonisa inkxaso ngokupheleleyo kunye nokwamukelwa komntu kungakhathaliseki ukuba umntu uthini okanye wenza ntoni.Umgqirha uyamkela aze axhasa umxhasi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bathetha ntoni okanye benze ntoni, bengenalo iimeko malunga nokwamkelwa.
Oko kuthetha ukuba ugqirha uxhasa umxhasi, nokuba ngaba baziphatha "ezilungileyo" neemvakalelo okanye "ezimbi".
Khangela ngokugqithiseleyo ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo
"Kuthetha ukunyamekela umxhasi, kodwa kungekhona ngendlela enokwenza izinto okanye ngendlela efana nokwanelisa iimfuno zonyango," kuchaza uRogers kwiphepha le-1957 elipapashwe kwi- Journal of Consulting Psychology. "Kuthetha ukunyamekela umxhasi njengomntu ohlukeneyo, eneemvume zokuba neemvakalelo zakhe, amava akhe."
URogers wayekholelwa ukuba kubalulekile ukuba oogqirha babonise ukuziphatha okungenasiphelo malunga nabaxumi babo. Kwakhona waphakamisa ukuba abantu abangenalo hlobo lokwamkelwa kwabantu ebomini babo ekugqibeleni bangaba neenkolelo ezingekhoyo ngabo.
"Abantu bakhulisa ukukhula kwethu ngokumkela - ngokusinikela oko uRogers abize ngokubambisana ngokungenanto," kuchaza uDavid G.
Meyers kwincwadi ethi Psychology: I-Eighth Edition kwiiModyuli . "Esi simo sengqondo, isimo sengqondo esisithandayo nokuba sisazi izifo zethu, kuyisiphumo esinzulu sokwehla izibilini zethu, ukuvuma iimvakalelo zethu ezimbi, nokufumanisa ukuba sisamkelekile. Emtshatweni omhle, osapho olusondeleyo, okanye ubuhlobo obusondeleyo, sikhululekile ukuba sihlale singekho ngaphandle kokwesaba ukulahlekelwa ngabanye. "
Ukungaqiniseki ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuzimela
URogers wayekholelwa ukuba abantu banesidingo sokuzixabisa kunye nabanye abantu. Indlela abantu abayicinga ngayo ngokwabo kunye nendlela abazixabisa ngayo indima enkulu kwinhlalakahle.
Abantu abaneengqiqo ezinamandla zokuzibhokoxa nabo banokuzithemba ngakumbi kwaye bakhuthazwa ukuba baphishekele iinjongo zabo baze basebenze ekuziphatheni ngokwabo ngenxa yokuba bakholelwa ukuba banako ukufeza iinjongo zabo.
Ngethuba leminyaka yokuqala, abantwana bafunda ukuba bayathandwa kwaye bayamkelwa ngabazali babo kunye namanye amalungu entsapho. Oku kuncedisa ukuvakalelwa nokuzithemba. Ukubheka okungenakulungelelaniso kubangabanonophelo ngexesha leminyaka yokuqala yobomi kunokuncedisa ukuvakalelwa xa abantu bekhula.
Njengabantu abaneminyaka yobudala, ukujonga abanye kudlala indima enkulu ekwakheni umfanekiso wokuzimela komntu.
URogers wayekholelwa ukuba xa abantu bejongene nemeko emihle, apho kuvunyelwe ukuvunywa kuphela kwizenzo zomntu, ukungabikho komzimba kungenzeka. Ukungenakwenzeka kwinto eyenzekayo xa umbono womntu wobuqu obuhle ungaphumelelanga nento abava ngayo ebomini boqobo.
Abantu abathintekayo baya kuba nobuninzi obukhulu phakathi kokuzimela kwabo kunye nombono wabo wokuzimela kwabo.
Umntu ongeyena umntu ongenakho ukungathandabuzeki uya kulala phakathi kokuzimela kwakhe kunye nokuzimela.
URogers wayekholelwa ukuba ukufumana izinto ezintle ezingenammiselo kungabancedisa abantu ukuba bahlangane kwakhona. Ngokubonelela ngenyameko kubathengi babo, uRogers wayekholelwa ukuba abaphili beengxaki banokubanceda abantu babe nenyameko kwaye bafezekise kakuhle impilo yengqondo.
Ukubeka izinto ezintle ngokubhekiselele kwimisebenzi
Ingaba kunokwenzeka ukuba oogqirha bazinikele ngokufanelekileyo ngokungenammiselo malunga nomthengi ngamnye? Uninzi lubonisa ukuba impendulo ayikho. Nangona kunjalo, njengoJohn noRita Sommers-Flanagan inqaku, kunokwenzeka ukuba oogqirha bazama ukuvakalelwa ngolu hlobo kubathengi babo.
Bayaqaphela ukuba ukwamkelwa okunjalo akubanga ukuvumela okanye ukuvunyelwa kwazo zonke iziganeko. UNatalie Rogers, intombi kaCarl Rogers, kamva wachaza ukuba uyise wayekholelwa ukuba nangona ziphi na iingcamango neemvakalelo zilungile, kungekhona zonke izinto ezithandekayo.
Nangona iimeko ezingenanto ezingenanto zingundoqo kweli gama lonyango oluxhaswa ngabathengi, akusoloko kulula ukukwenza. Khawucinge ngenye imeko apho umgqirha usebenza kunye nomntu ocala ngesondo. Kwincwadi yabo yokuCetyiswa kunye nePhysical and Psychotherapy Imibono kwiContext and Practice , uSommers-Flanagan inikeza iingcebiso kubagcisa abajamelana neemeko ezinzima. Esikhundleni sokugxila ekuziphatheni ngokwabo, abalobi batusa ukuba bafune ukujonga kakuhle ukubandezeleka kunye nokwesaba ukuba iimpawu ezinjalo zimele zimele.
"URogers ukholelwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba wonke umntu wazalwa enokukwazi ukuphuhlisa ngendlela efanelekileyo neyothando," bathetha. "Xa wenza unyango olujoliswe ngumntu, ube yithuba labo elizayo, mhlawumbi ithuba labo lokugqibela, ukuba wamkelwe, uqondwe, kwaye wamkelwe. Ukwamkela kwakho kunokudala iimeko ezifunekayo ukuze utshintshe."
> Imithombo:
> Cooper, M, O'Hara, M, Schmid, PF, & Bohart, AC. I-Handbook ye-Person-Centered Psychotherapy & Counseling. ENew York: uPalgrave Macmillan; 2013.
> Oomaspala-Flanagan, J, Sommers-Flanagan, R. Ukucebisa kunye neengqondo zeengqondo Iingcamango eziMxholo kunye nokuSebenza: Izakhono, amaCandelo, kunye neMicandelo. ENew York: uJohn Wiley & Son; 2012.