Ubume be-Psychoanalysis ye-Social Concern Disorder
I-Psychoanalysis ye- disorder disorder disorder (SAD) isekelwe kwingcamango ye-psychodynamic , eyayibizwa ngokuba yiSigmund Freud.
Ukusuka kwindlela yokucinga ngengqondo, iimeko zokuxhalaba kweentlalo zikholelwa ukuba yinxalenye yengxaki enkulu eqhubekayo ebuntwaneni. Izazinzulu ngale ndlela zijonga ukuxhalaba njengengxaki yokuzalwa komntwana. Ngenxa yoko, babona ukuxhalaba kwakho kwezenhlalakahle ngokubangelwa ngamava akho okuqala kunye neziqhotyoshelweyo kubanonophelo bakho kunye nabanye abantu abalulekileyo ebomini bakho.
I-Psychoanalysis Iphikisana neCychodynamic Therapy
Nangona le migama isetyenziswa rhoqo, ingqondo ye-psychoanalysis ibhekisela kwi-psychotherapy yexesha elide, ngelixa unyango lwe-psychodynamic lufomathi kwifomathi. Nangona i-psychoanalysis ingaquka ukudibana namaxesha amaninzi ngeveki kwiminyaka ethile, unyango lwe-psychodynamic lunokuthi luqhutywe kwiiveki ezili-15 kunye neentlanganiso zeeveki.
Ngale ndlela, unyango lwe-psychodynamic lufana ne-ctnitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) ngokwefomathi yayo. Nangona i-psychoanalyst eqinisekisiweyo iya kuqhuba i-psychoanalysis, unyango lwe-psychodynamic lunokulawulwa yiyiphi na ingcali yezengqondo eziqeqeshwe kule khokelo.
Ingcamango ye-Psychodynamic ye-Social Concern Disorder
Nangona kungekho nkcazelo epheleleyo yengqondo ye-psychoanalytic ye-SAD, kukho iinkolelo ezininzi malunga nemvelaphi yokuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle kulo mbono.
Ngokutsho kwengqondo yengqondo, ukuxhalaba kwakho kwentlalo kungabangela ukuba oku kulandelayo:
- ukulindela ihlazo kunye nehlazo olufunwa ngabazali abalukhuni okanye abanentloni
- ingxabano phakathi kwesidingo sokufezekisa nokuphumelela, kunye nokwesaba kwakho impumelelo
- ingxabano phakathi kwesidingo sokuzimela kunye nokwesaba ukukhishwa okanye ukulahlelwa ngabazali bakho
- Uloyiko lwenkcazelo yakho yokungakwazi ukwenza uxwebhu olugqibeleleyo
Ngolunye lwezo mpi zikholelwa ukuba zenze ihlazo, ukuhoxiswa kwezenhlalakahle, ukungaqiniseki, kunye nokuzithoba.
I-Psychodynamic Therapy ye-Social Concern Disorder
Injongo yonyango lwe-psychodynamic kwi-SAD kukufumanisa iimpikiswano ezingundoqo ezikholelwa ukuba zibangela ukuphazamiseka nokusebenza ngale miba. Ingcali yakho yengqondo yengqondo iza kusebenza nawe ukufumanisa iingxabano ezikhethekileyo kunye nemibandela yabantwana enokuthi idibene nokuxhalaba kwakho kwentlalo.
Ukongeza, i-yourrapist iya kuxubusha imiba enokuthi ingayichaphazela unyango olukhethekileyo kwingxaki yokuxhalaba kwentlalo. Ngokomzekelo, unokufumana ukulindele ukuba ugqirha wakho uza kukugweba kakubi. Okanye, unokuba neengxaki zokumthemba umgqirha wakho.
Iziphumo zophando ezifanelekileyo
Kuhlolisiso luka-2013, izigulane ezingama-495 ezineengxaki zengxakini zentlalo ezithe zafumana i-CBT), unyango lwe-psychodynamic, okanye zafakwa eluhlu lwezinto zokulinda (imeko yolawulo). Izigulane zanikwa ukuhlolwa (umz., I-Liebowitz Social Adxiety Scale) ekuqaleni kwesi sifundo kwaye kwakhona ekupheleni kokonyango.
Izigulane ezifumana i-CBT zibonise impendulo kwonyango kwi-60% yamatyala, ngelixa abo bafumana unyango lwe-psychodynamic basabela kuma-52% amacala.
Abo babesetyenziswe kuloluhlu balinde kuphela ukuphucula kwi-15% yamatyala.
Ngokwexesha lokuxoshwa kwexesha, ama-36% abo bafumana i-CBT bahlala bexolelwe, xa kuthelekiswa no-26% abafumana unyango lwe-psychodynamic kunye ne-9% abafakwe eluhlu lwabalindi.
Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukufumana i-CBT okanye unyango lwe-psychodynamic lungcono kunokuba kuluhlu lokulinda zombini kwixesha elifutshane nelide. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwezengqondo-ukuziphatha lubonakala luncedo kunokuba unyango lwe-psychodynamic xa lufika kwimiphumo yonyango ehlala ixesha elide ngenxa yokugula ngengxaki yoluntu.
Nangona kunjalo, kwisifundo se-CBT sango-2014 ngokubhekiselele kwengqondo yengqondo ye-SAD, zombini unyango lufunyenwe lusebenza ngokulinganayo.
Kwenye uphando lwango-2014 lweziphumo zexesha elide le-CBT kunye neyeza lokusasaza ngengqondo ngenxa yengxaki yokuxhalabisa abantu, abathathi-nxaxheba balandelwa iinyanga ezingama-24. Iingqinisiso zokuphendula zazingama-70% kwezo zonyango zonyango ezi-2 kunye nokulungiswa kweminyaka-phantse kwaba malunga no-40% bobabini. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba ii-CBT kunye neyeza zengqondo ziyakunceda kwi-SAD.
Ekugqibeleni, kwinqanaba le-2016 lemiba yezigulane ezinokuthi ziqikelele iziphumo zengqondo ye-psychodynamic ukukhathazeka kwentlalo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba iziphumo ezibalulekileyo zonyango ziyizinga lokukhathazeka kwezenhlalakahle ngaphambi kokuba unyango. Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wakho kufuneka acinge ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani xa ukhetha uhlobo olulungileyo lwamayeza kwimeko yakho.
ILizwi
Ngokusekelwe kubungqina boluphando obutshanje, unyango lwe-psychodynamic lungcono njenge-CBT ngokuphucula kwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kwexesha elide, unyango lwezinto zokuziphatha lunokusebenza ngakumbi.
Imithombo:
> Bögels SM, Wijts P, Oort FJ, uSallaerts SJM. I-Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ngokuchasene nokuziphatha kwengqondo yokuziphatha kwengxaki yokuxhalabisa abantu: i-trial effectiveness and partial trial. Cinezela uxhalabe . 2014; 31 (5): 363-373.
I-Leichsenring F, uSerzer S, Beutel ME, uHerpertz S, u-Hiller W, uHoyer J et al. Ulwaphulo lwe-Psychodynamic kunye nokunyangwa kwengqondo-yokuziphatha kwimiba yokuxhalabisa abantu: iilingo ezininzi ezilawulwa ngandlela-thile. I-American Journal ye-Psychiatry 2013; 170 (7): 759-767.
> Leichsenring F, Salzer S, Beutel ME, et al. Isiphumo sesikhathi eside sonyango lwe-psychodynamic kunye nonyango-yokuziphatha kwimiba yokuxhalabisa abantu. IJ Psychiatry . 2014; 171 (10): 1074-1082.
> Shedler G. Ukusebenza kwe-psychodynamic psychotherapy. Iingcali zeMilo zaseMerika . 2010; 65 (2): 98-109.
> Wiltink J, Hoyer J, Beutel ME, et al. Ngaba izigulane zesigulane ziqikelela ukuphumela kwesiphumo se-psychodynamic psychotherapy kwi-disorder disorder disorder? PLoS ONE . 2016; 11 (1): e0147165.