Isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwesifo se-pulmonary, okanye i-COPD, lixesha eliye labelwa iqela leentsholongwane ezisongela ubomi bokuphefumula ezichaphazela ukuphefumula okuqhelekileyo.
Bazi:
- Bronchitis
- Emphysema
- I-refhtah (engaguqukiyo) i-asthma
- Ezinye iintlobo ze-bronchiectasis
Ukubhema i-cigarette yinto ebalulekileyo yengozi yeCOPD, kunye ne-80% yazo zonke iimeko e-United States namhlanje.
Ukuphefumula kwezinye izinto ezingcolisayo ekhaya okanye kwindawo yokusebenzela, izifo zokuphefumula kunye nezifo zemizimba nazo zinokudlala indima ekuphuhliseni i-COPD, kodwa ngokubanzi isifo sobhema sogwayi.
Umsi wesibini ungabamba iqela elikhulu kwiCOPD, nokuba umntu ophefumulayo akazange afune ukutshaya.
Makhe sijonge ezinye zeenkcukacha ezihambelana nale qela eliqhelekileyo yezifo.
1) Ngo-2012, malunga nabantu abayizigidi ezi-3 balahlekelwa ubomi babo kwiCOPD ehlabathini lonke. Lelo nani limele u-6% wabantu bonke abafa kulo nyaka.
2) I-COPD yimbangela yesithathu yokufa e-US, ibethelwa ngumhlaza kuphela (imbangela yesibili ekhokelayo) kunye nesifo senhliziyo (imbangela ekhokelayo). Ehlabathini lonke, ngowona-5 okhokelela ekufeni.
3) Uqikelelo kukuba ngowama-2030, i-COPD iya kuphakama kwi-3 yeyona nto ibangela ukufa emhlabeni jikelele ngaphandle kokuba kuthatyathwe amanyathelo angxamisekileyo ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwecuba.
4) Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-24 bahlaselwa ngenye indlela yeCOPD njengamanje eMelika, kodwa malunga nesiqingatha leso sibalo sele sifunyenwe.
Abantu abaninzi abaneengxaki zokuphefumula abazi ukuba ziphumo zeCOPD.
5) Ekubeni abantu abayizigidi ezingama-65 emhlabeni wonke banomlinganiselo othe ngqo kwiCOPD, ngokutsho kweNational Health Organization.
6) Ngaphezu kwe-90% yokufa kwe-COPD echaphazelekayo kwilizwe eliphantsi neliphakathi.
7) I-COPD ixhaphake kakhulu kwabesifazane baseMerika (6.7%) kunamadoda (5.2) namhlanje.
8) Ababhemayo abesifayeli banamaxesha angama-13 okufa ngaphezulu kwe-COPD kunabasetyhini abangazange bavume. Kubantu, umngcipheko ube ngamaxesha angama-12 abo abangaboniyo abafana nabesilisa.
9) Abasetyhini bafumana ukuba bane-bronchitis engapheliyo ngokuphindwe kabini isantya samadoda. Ngo-2011, ama-6.8 yezigidi zabasetyhini babenomdlavuza ongapheliyo xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abayizigidi ezingama-3.3 ngexesha elifanayo.
10) I-Emphysema yayisichaphazela kakhulu abantu, kodwa ayifani. Amadoda angaphandle kwamadoda apha okwangoku, anesigidi esingu-2.6 yeziganeko ze-emphysema ezibikwe ngo-2011, xa kuthelekiswa nezigidi ezi-2.1 zamadoda.
11) I-Emphysema idla ngokukhawuleza ukuphuhlisa. Kwimiba engama-4.7 yezigidi eziye zachazwa, ngaphezu kwe-90% yazo ziphakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka engama-45 okanye ngaphezulu.
12) EUnited States, esinye sezivakalisi ezintlanu zabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 zibangelwa yiCOPD.
13) Ngaphezu kwe-800,000 yezibhedlele kwizibhedlele ngamnye ngonyaka e-US zihlobene neCOPD.
14) Bobabini iAlabama neKentucky banamazinga okukhula kwama COPD angaphezulu kwama-9%.
15) Kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangama-90% abaneCOPD bangoku batshaya.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeCOPD zivakalelo zokuphefumula (njengokuba awukwazi ukufumana umoya owaneleyo), ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, kunye ne-sputum engafanelekanga kwi-airways. Ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba unokuba neCOPD, nceda ubone ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Iqiniso elibi kukuba i-COPD ayiphilwanga. Kuyakwazi ukucotha okanye ukuyeka ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo xa kuthe kwafumanisa ukuba kusenokwenzeka, kodwa amanyathelo athatyathwayo athatyathwa ukuyeka ukuchasana nezizathu ezibangelwa ingxaki.
Ukuba ufuna uncedo ngokuyeka ukutshaya, nceda nqakraza kwiikhonkco ezingezantsi ukufumana ulwazi kunye nezixhobo ukukunceda ukuba uphumelele ixesha elide.
Unyuke ibhokisi yeBeki yokuTsha
Ukukhupha okuFundisiweyo yiSiphumo esiPhumeleleyo
Yenza ukuzibophezela kokubeka ukutshaya emva kwakho okuhle. Umsebenzi uthatha ukuyeka uyingcinci xa uthelekiswa neenzuzo eziza kubakho ebomini xa ungekho utywala lwe- nicotine .
Imithombo:
I-World Health Organization. Izifo eziPhezulu eziPhephayo eziPhezulu (COPD). http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs315/en/. Kufike ngoAgasti, 2015.
I-World Health Organization. Umthwalo weCOPD. http://www.who.int/respiratory/copd/burden/en/. Kufike ngoAgasti, 2015.
I-American Lung Association. Isifo sePulmonary Respiratory Disease (COPD). http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/copd/learn-about-copd/how-serious-is-copd.html. Kufike ngoAgasti, 2015.
COPD Foundation. I-COPD Statistics kwiMerika. http://www.copdfoundation.org/What-is-COPD/COPD-Facts/Statistics.aspx. Kufike ngoAgasti, 2015.