Ziziphi iingozi?
Ngaba ukhathazeka ngemiphumo yokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lokuxhatshazela? Ziphakathi kwezidakamizwa eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo eUnited States, kwaye zihlala zimiselwa ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide. Kodwa ngaba ukhuselekile ukusebenzisa i-anti-depressants iminyaka ekupheleni?
Nangona eli gama lonyango libizwa ngegama elilodwa, basebenziselwa ukuphatha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo ngaphandle kwesifo esixhalabisa kakhulu, kuquka:
- I-neuropathy (intlungu ebuhlungu beentsholongwane ezonakalisiweyo, kubandakanywa neuropathy ye-diabetes)
- Ingxaki yokuxhalabisa ngokubanzi kunye nokukhathazeka kwentlalo yoluntu
- Ingxaki yokunyanzelisa i-Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Izifo ze-bipolar
- Fibromyalgia
- I-Myalgic encephalomyelitis / isifo esingapheliyo sokukhathala (ME / CFS)
- I-post-traumatic disorder stress (PTSD)
- Ukulala komntwana
- I-Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
- Bulimia
- Ukutya ukutya
Uninzi lwemiqathango ayiyimeko engapheliyo okanye ingabuya xa uphuma kumachiza. Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abaninzi baya kuthatha iminyaka, kwaye oku kukhokelela kwiinkxalabo malunga nemiphumo yecala elide.
Nangona iindawo ezidumileyo zezi ziyobisi, sifunda nje ukuba zeziphi iimiphumo ezide. Izifundo ezongeziweyo azifanekiyo phambi kokuba izidakamizwa zithotywe, ngoko ke izidakamizwa zingapha ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukubona oko kwenzeka emva kweminyaka yokusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo.
Ngethamsanqa, umzimba weencwadi ekusebenziseni ixesha elide ukuxhatshazwa kwengcinezelo kukhula, kwaye siyazuza ukuqonda okungcono kwefuthe labo kuthi.
Ukuxhatshazwa kunye neBrain yakho
Ngaphambi kokungena ekuphandleni, makhe sibone indlela abadandelelwana ngayo abanokusebenza ngayo. Iingcinezelo ziza kwiifom ezininzi. Bazi:
- Tricyclics
- MAO inhibitors (MAOIs)
- I-serotonin i-reuptake inhibitors (iSRRIs)
- I-Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (i-SNRIs)
Kwingqondo yakho, ulwazi-kuquka imvakalelo-isuka kwi-neuron enye (iseli yeengqondo) ukuya kwelinye ngezithunywa zamakhemikhali ezibizwa nge-neurotransmitters.
Cinga ngeeurotransmitters njengezitshixo zebhokisi zeposi. Ngamnye uvula i-receptors ethile (iikhemikhali "zokukhiya") kwi-neurons ukwenzela ukuba umyalezo uqhubeke uhamba.
Kwizifo kunye neemeko ezibhalwe ngasentla, kunye nabanye abaninzi, into edibeneyo ne-neurotransmitters-ngokuqhelekileyo i-serotonin kunye / okanye i-norepinephrin, kwaye mhlawumbi i-dopamine kunye / okanye nabanye abambalwa. Kungenzeka ukuba akukho okwaneleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ingqondo ayinakuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo, okanye ingxaki ingalala kunye nabamkeli.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni isizathu esithile sengxaki, isiphumo sinye: i-neurotransmitter dysregulation. Ukubuyela kwisifaniso sethu, i-imeyile ayifumaneki kwibhokisi lemeyile elifanelekileyo, ngoko imilayezo ayithunyelwa.
I-Antidepressants iguqula indlela i-neurotransmitters yakho isebenze ngayo, yenza ukuba kufumaneke ngakumbi ukuze xa umyalezo ufikelele, ungathunyelwa ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kufezekiswa ngokunciphisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-reuptake, eyona nto iyinkqubo yokucoceka / yokubuyisela. Emva kokuba imilayezo ihamba ngokungafaniyo, kufuneka ukuba ingqondo yakho isebenze ngcono kwaye iimpawu ezinxulumene nokunciphisa ukuhla kwehla kuya kunciphisa.
Nangona kunjalo, ingqondo yindawo eyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye nganye i-neurotransmitter inemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Ukwandisa i-neurotransmitters ekhoyo inokuba nefuthe elifunayo lokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho, ukunciphisa intlungu yakho, okanye kukunceda ucinge ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa kunokukhokelela kuzo zonke iintlobo zemiphumo engafunekiyo.
Iziphumo ezinobungozi beengcinezelo zengcinezelo zininzi, kwaye ziyakwazi ukuxhamla ngokunyamezelayo ngokunyanzelisayo kunye nokusongela ubomi. Ngaphandle koko, kukho imbambano ye-antidepressants ekusebenziseni ngaphaya kwexesha.
Njengoko sifunde ngakumbi ngeempembelelo zexesha elide, ezinye zeengxalaba eziphezulu eziye zavela zibandakanya ukufumana ubunzima kunye nesifo sikashukela. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziphumo ezininzi ziyakwazi ukuqhubeka ixesha elide kwaye zibe nefuthe elibi kumgangatho wobomi.
Iimiphumo zexesha elide ze-Anti-depressants: Oko abantu bathi
Ngo-2016, i-journalist yezobugqirha Ukuthandana nokuThengiswa kwePatili kwanyathelisa iphepheni ekhangele ukuba abantu bathatha ukuxhatshazwa kwexesha elide bathetha ntoni ngeempembelelo abazibonayo. Ngokubanzi, bathi bathe baxinezelekile kwaye babenomgangatho wobomi obulungileyo ngenxa yeziyobisi, kodwa malunga neepesenti ezingama-30 besatsho ukuba banokudandatheka okuthe ngqo okanye okunzima.
Iziphumo eziphambili ezixhalalayo zibandakanya:
- Iingxaki zesondo (iipesenti ezingama-72), kuquka ukungakwazi ukufikelela kwi-orgasm (iipesenti ezingama-65)
- Ukuzuza ubunzima (iipesenti ezingama-65)
- Ukuvalelwa ngokomzimba (iipesenti ezingama-65)
- Abazange bazive bodwa (54 ekhulwini)
- Iimvakalelo ezintle ezithintekayo (iipesenti ezingama-46)
- Ukuvakalelwa ukuba banomlutha (ama-43 ekhulwini)
- Ukunyamekela ngamanye abantu (36 pesenti)
- Ukuziva ukuzibulala (ama-36 ekhulwini)
Uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba bafuna ulwazi oluninzi malunga neengozi ezide zonyango zabo.
Malunga ne-74 ekhulwini labantu bakhankanya iimpawu zokuyeka, kwaye bathi bafuna ulwazi oluthe vetshe kunye nenkxaso malunga nokuhamba kweengcinezelo ezichasayo. (Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha i-antidepressants ngokukhawuleza.Thetha nogqirha wakho ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuwayeka.)
Abanye abantu baphinde baqaphela ukuba bekufuneka bazame amaninzi okudandathelanisa ngaphambi kokufumana into eyayisebenzele kakuhle kwaye ibekezeleke. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kweyesibini kweyesithathu ebantwini abaza kubuza bathi le mayeza awanceda bajamelane nokuphila. Phantse enye-yesihlanu bathi i-anti-depressants incedise ukuba isebenze kakuhle.
Abanye abantu bathi kwakhona ukuba babengazi malunga neziphumo ezibi kunye nobunzima bokurhoxisa, bebengayi kuze baqale kwiyeza.
Oko kuthetha ntoni kuwe
Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-anti-depressant, qiniseka ukuba uqhelana nemiphumo emihle kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhamba kuzo. Yazi ukuba unokuzama ukuzama izidakamizwa ezininzi ngaphambi kokufumana okulungileyo kuwe.
Ngelixa uhlala kwiyeza, hlala uqaphele kwimiphumo emibi kwaye uqikelele ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukuxhomekeka ukuba isilwanyana sinceda ntoni. Ngoxa ufanele ubandakanye ugqirha wakho kuyo nayiphi na izigqibo ozenzayo malunga nokusetyenziswa kweengxaki ezixinzelelekileyo, nguwe kuphela onokugqiba ukuba ngaba iinjongo zigqithise ukusilela.
Ukutyeba kwakho
Ucwaningo luka-2015 kwi -Journal of Clinical Psychiatry lubonisa ukuba umngcipheko wexesha elide wokufumana isisindo sokunyuka kwesisindo kwi-anti-depressants ezitshintsha i-serotonin receptors ingaba phezulu kakhulu kwabasetyhini kunamadoda, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokungafani kwesini ngendlela i-serotonin isetyenziswa ngayo.
Kwakhona ngo-2015, uphando lwase-Australia lubonise ukuba abantu abaneengcinezelo ezixinzelelekileyo bazama ukufumana ngaphezu kwe-3 ekhulwini lomzimba wabo ngonyaka. Emva kwexesha, oko kunokongeza.
Oko kuthetha ntoni kuwe
Ukuzuza ubunzima kunokuba nemiphumo emibi ekuzithembekeni kwakho kunye nempilo yakho. Thetha ugqirha malunga nendlela onokukwazi ngayo ukuphucula ukutya kwakho kunye / okanye ukunyusa umzimba ukuze uncede ukugcina loo maqhekeza angaphezulu.
I-Blood Sugar & Diabetes
Ucwaningo oluninzi luye lwaphawula into ebonakalayo yintlukwano phakathi kokusetyenziswa kakubi kunye neengxaki kunye nomthetho weshukela wegazi, kubandakanya uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela.
Uhlolo olusisiseko olupapashwe kwiphepha le-2013 lwephepha leSabetes Care lucubungula lo buhlobo ukuba lube noluntu olungcono kwizinto eziqhubekayo. Bajonge iiphando ezingama-22, kubandakanywa isibini esinezinxaxheba ezingaphezu kwama-4000.
Nanku ukukhangela ezinye zeziphumo ezenze ukuba kubuyekezwe:
- I-anti-depressants inokubangela ukonakalisa ukulawula iswekile yegazi ngenxa yokuba kunokubangela ukufumana ubunzima obukhulu.
- I-SSRI kunye ne-nortriptyline ibike ukuba ibenzi ngakumbi ukulawulwa kweswekile kwi-people kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
- I-Tricyclic anti-depressants yenza i-hyperglycemia (amanqanaba aphezulu e-ushukela egazini) kubantu.
- Kwiigundane, i-tricyclic antidepressants yenza imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hyperinsulinemia, apho igazi line-insulin eninzi kakhulu kwisixa soshukela.
Injongo yokuhlaziywa kwakukukunquma ukuba ngaba ngabaxinzelelo be-anti-depressants baphakamisa umngcipheko wesifo sikashukela kubantu abangenayo xa beqala kumayeza. Baphetha ukuba u-ewe, ezinye iingxaki zokulwa neengcinezelo zithintela umgaqo-ushukela wegazi kunye nokuba iziyobisi zingabangela umngcipheko wesifo sikashukela. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olukhulu kunye nolutshanje olwalubonayo lwacetyiswa ukuba umngcipheko wawuncinane.
Bathi, nangona kunjalo, ukuba amayeza aphakamileyo abonakala edibene nomngcipheko omkhulu. Kwakhona, kwezinye iimeko, abantu abaye bahlakulela uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile ngelixa bexinzelelekile babone ukuba isifo sanyamalala xa bephuma emachiza.
Abaphandi baqaphele ukuba abantu abafumene ukuba banesifo sikashukela banokuthi banqunywe ngabadandlululo, kodwa ulwalamano alukho olucacileyo.
Oko kuthetha ntoni kuwe
Ukuba ukhathazeke ngengozi yesifo sikashukela okanye unesifo sikashukela se-2, unokufuna ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga nokufumana uxinzelelo oludityaniswe neengxaki zeswekile zegazi. Ufuna kwakhona ukuvavanya iishukela zegazi zakho rhoqo.
Ukuba unesifo sikashukela, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukulungelelanisa imishanguzo yakho yesifo sikashukela ngelixa uxhomekeke kwi-anti-depressants ukuze uqinisekise ukuba izinga lakho leswekile legazi lihlala kwindawo ephilileyo. Ungaphinda ufune ukugxila ngakumbi ekulahlekeni kwesisindo kunye nokuzivocavoca, kuba zombini ezo zinto zidlala indima kwisifo sikashukela, kwaye i-anti-depressant yakho ingabangela ukufumana ubunzima.
Ngaba Unokuxhatshazwa Kokuxhatshazwa Kwenziwe Unokucindezeleka?
Ngaba unokusebenzisa i-antidepressants ixesha elide ngokwenene kukukwenza ucinezeleke? Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba kungenzeka. Izifundo ezimbini ezipapashwe ngo-2011, kwiqela elinye lophando, lathi abantu abane-disorder major disress disorder, abangama-high doses of anti-depressants ixesha elide, baziva bebhetele xa bexiliswa.
Ngenxa yokuba i-anti-depressants ingaba yinkcitho engaphantsi kwexesha, njengoko uhlakulela ukunyamezela kwabo, iimpawu zingabuya phantsi kwendlela; Nangona kunjalo, eli qela alikholelwa ukuba liyakwazi ukuphendula bonke abantu abahlala bexinezeleke ngakumbi xa bethatha iziyobisi. Bacinga ukuba iziyobisi zingakhokelela ekutshintsheni kwengqondo eyabangela ukudandatheka.
Kule meko, baphakamise ixesha elide le-dysphoria ukuchaza ukwanda kweempawu. "I-Tardive" ithetha ukuba ifika ekupheleni kwonyango. "I-Dysphoria" yimeko yokudakumba, ukunganeliseki, ukunganeliseki okanye ukungazinzi.
Abaphandi bacela ukuba i-tardive dysphoria ifundwe njengefuthe elichaphazelekayo lokusetyenziswa kwe-anti-depressant kwaye libhekwe njengento enokwenzeka kwizifundo zengcinezelo enganyangekiyo.
Oko kuthetha ntoni kuwe
Ukufunda i-tardive dysphoria kusezigaba zokuqala. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho luye lwaba lubi nangona lube nolwexinzelelo, xela ugqirha wakho malunga ne-dysphoria ekhawulezayo kunye nezinye izizathu ezinokwenzeka phambi kokuba unqume ukuba uya kuphuma emachiza akho. Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba kufuneka ugule kakuhle iziyobisi.
Kulula ukufikelela kwizigqibo ngezi zinto ezinje, kodwa khumbula ukuba asazi ukuba i-tardive dysphoria yinkinga ngabaxinzelelo. Hlakaniza kwaye uqaphele njengoko wenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo zonyango kwaye uquka iqela lakho lezokwelapha.
ILizwi
Njengoko zonke iziyobisi ziyenzayo, izidandlululo ziluhlu lwezinto ezinokuthi zisebenzise kunye neengxaki. Utyando ngumsebenzi wokulinganisela, kunye nawe kunye noogqirha bakho abavavanya okulungileyo kokubi kunye nokuthatha isigqibo malunga nokuhamba okulandelayo.
Ukuqala isilwanyana esitsha kuyisigqibo esikhulu, kwaye ke ukuqhubeka unyango ixesha elide okanye ukhetha ukuyeka. Qinisekisa ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo kwinqanaba ngalinye kwaye ufumana iingcebiso zobuchwepheshe. Ekupheleni, konke kukukwenza uzive ungcono.
> Imithombo:
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> El-Mallakh RS, uGao Y, uRoberts RJ. I-Tardive i-dysphoria: indima yokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lokudandathelanisa ekunciphiseni ukudandatheka okungapheliyo. Iingcamango zonyango. 2011 Juni; 76 (6): 769-73. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.mey.2011.01.020.
> Noordam R, Aarts N, Tiemeier H, et al. Uhlobo oluthile lwezesondo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kakubi kunye nokunyama komzimba kwisifundo esisekelwe ngabantu esele badala. Umbhalo wezonyango zengqondo. 2015 Juni; 76 (6): e745-51. i-doi: 10.4088 / JCP.13m08896.
> Paige E, Korda R, Kemp-Casey A, et al. Uvavanyo lokudibanisa irekhodi lokusetyenziswa kwamachiza okuxhatshazwayo kunye nokuguquka kwesisindo kubantu abadala base-Australia. Ijenali yaseAustralia neNew Zealand yokugula ngengqondo. 2015 Nov; 49 (11): 1029-39. i-doi: 10.1177 / 0004867415607365.