Amadivayisi agcina ubomi, ukunciphisa abaphangi
Imithetho efuna abaqhubi bokuqala bokunxila ukuba bafake izixhobo zokungabikho zokutshaya kwizithuthi zabo zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukunciphisa i-DUI kunye nokunciphisa inani lokuxhatshazwa kwezidakamizwa.
Uhlolisiso lwabaphambukeli bokuqhuba umqhubi bokuqala oludlulileyo lwaba-19,000 bafumanisa ukuba iingongoma ezikhusela isithuthi ukuba ziqalise ukuba umqhubi uphuze unokunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukushayela xa kuhlawulwa iirhafu.
Izixhobo zokuvavanya ukuphefumula zanciphisa iindleko zokushayela ezidakayo ngamaphesenti angama-60 xa kuthelekiswa nabaphulaphuli bokuqala abangazange bafake izixhobo.
Uphononongo luhlolisise iirekhodi ezili-1,461 ngexesha lokuqala abaphulaphuli be-DWI ababengenayo i-interlocks efakwe kwizithuthi zabo. Abaphandi baqhathanisa naba-17,562 abaphulaphuli abaqala ukusebenzisa izixhobo. Amaqela amabini ahambelana nobudala, ubulili, kunye nokuxinwa kwe-alcohol (BAC) ngexesha lokubanjwa.
Mhlawumbi Mhlawumbi Ukuphindaphinda Amacala
"Sifumene ukuba abaphulaphuli bokuqala ababenamacwecwe angama-60 angaphantsi kancinci ukuba baphinde baphuke ngaphezu kwabo bangasetyenziswanga izixhobo zokusebenza," kusho uPaul Marques, uP.D., kunye nePacific Institute for Research and Evaluation. "Olu pho nonongo lwabantu bokuqala luqinisa iiphononongo zangaphambili kule mbonakalo ebonisa ukunciphisa ipesenti ezingama-65 ekuqhubeni ukutywala ngexesha elingaphakathi."
UMarques uqikelelwa ukuba kuwo wonke ama dollar asetshenziswe kwiingenelo kubaphulaphuli bokuqala, uluntu lulondoloza i-$ 3.
Isiphoso sokuqala: Ixesha lokuQala lokuQala
Amaninzi amaninzi anemithetho egunyazisa izixhobo zokuqhawula ukutshabalalisa abo bafunyaniswe netyala lokuqala lokuphuza utshwala. Oomama kwiDrunk Driving kunye namanye amaqela okukhuthaza akhuthaza amanye amazwe ukuba adlulise ukungena kwegunya.
"Ingcamango yokuba kukho impazamo ebalulekileyo phakathi komngcipheko owenziwe ngummoni wokuqala kunye nomntu ophinda uphosekile akusekelwa," kusho uMarques kwingxelo yeendaba. "Umyinge wokuqala owenzayo uphuze utywala kaninzi ngaphambi kokuba abanjwe." Ukwahlukana okukhulu kunobungozi phakathi kwabangenabo abaphulaphuli kunye nabokuqala abaphulaphuli.
Ukuxhaswa kweeLayisense akusebenzi
Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukumisa nje ilayisense yomqhubi womqhubi obanjelwe inkohlakalo akuncinci ukunciphisa iziphoso. Ngokutsho kweBhodi yoPhando lwezoThutho zeBhunga loPhando leSizwe, uqikelelo olungama-50 ukuya ku-75% wabenzi bamacala abaneemvume ezimiselweyo ziqhubeka ziqhuba.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izixhobo zokungena ziboniswe ngempumelelo. Ngokutsho kwamaZiko eNgxelo yokuLawula nokuLawulwa kwezifo, ezi zixhobo ziphumelele ekunciphiseni ukuphinda abaphangi be-67%, oku guqula ubomi obugcinwe.
Ithuba lokutshintsha ukuziphatha
"Kweminyaka emininzi siye sabamba i-DWIs njengezigqwetha, kodwa oku kungaphezulu kwephulo lolwaphulo-mthetho kuba abaninzi abaphulaphuli be-DWI baxhomekeke kwi-alcohol." Iingenelo zinika ithuba lokunceda ukutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha kunokugweba okanye ukubopha umntu osonile, "kusho uMarques. .
"Akukwanele ukurhoxisa ilayisenisi - iipesenti ezingama-75 zabantu bonke abanelayisenisi ezikhutshweyo ziqhuba okanye kunjalo-kodwa awufuni ukuvakalisa intsapho yonke intsapho ukuba ihlwempu xa ixhomekeka kulowo mqhubi ukuya kumsebenzi wakhe. Ngokufakela ukungena, umngcipheko wokuba i-DWI isetyenzisiweyo ilawulwa, kwaye iingenelo zibe yinzuzo yoluntu, "watsho.
Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yoluntu igcinwa ubomi. Ngokuhambelana ne-National Ferry Data Traffic Administration ye-FARS Data ukususela ngo-2006-2011, ifuna ukuba iifowuni zokuvala ukutshabalalisa zonke izigqeba ezidakwayo-e-Arizona, eLouisana, eNew Mexico nase-Oregon-yabona ukunciphisa ukubulawa kwe-alcohol-related related deaths 30%.
Imithombo:
Amaziko okuLawula izifo. "Ukunciphisa Utywala -Ukuqhuba Ukuqhuba: Ukugqitywa kweengxaki." Isikhokelo kwiiNkonzo zoKhuseleko zoLuntu 2011.
Peck, RR, et al. "Amacandelo okujongana nomqhubi wokuNxila." I-Bhodi yoPhando lwezothutho, iSetyhula yoPhando yezoThutho No. 437 Washington, DC: IBhunga loPhando leSizwe, 1999.
Roth, R, et al. "Izibhengezo zabaPhulekeli bokuqala: esebenzayo?" Ukuthintela ukulimala kweMoto 2007.