Ukuqwalasela ingozi yokuxuba ukuvuselela umntu ocinezelekileyo
Ithemba lokuxuba i-meth (methamphetamine) kunye notywala mhlawumbi kubonakala ngathi zingaphandle kwamanye amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlanganiswa okufanayo kufana nokuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla. Ngokomzekelo, le ntsebenziswano iyafana-kodwa inobungozi-ukutshaya ngexesha lokusela, okanye ukusika utywala obunzima kunye neCoca Cola okanye i-Red Bull. Ngamanye amagama, ngokusemthethweni nangendlela ekhuselekile, ukuxuba ukuvuselela (iicicin okanye i-caffeine) ngotywala (ixinzelelo) kufana nokuxuba i-meth (ivuselela) ngotywala.
(Ngokuqinisekileyo, iicicin inezixhobo ezikhuthazayo nezixinezelayo, kodwa ufumana umfanekiso.)
Ngelishwa, inani labantu abaphuza rhoqo kunye nomsi wecriststal meth libhekiselele, kunye nokufundwa kwesinye isiphuzo sabanini bemihla ngemihla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuphindwe kabili ukuba batsha umsi. Nantsi enye i-statistic engabandakanyeki umngcipheko ongezantsi: iipesenti ezintlanu zokubhema i-meth kubangelwa ukuxilwa.
Kutheni Kuthiwa Utywala kunye noMeth?
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi ngokuqhelekileyo. Abantu basebenzisa ezininzi iintlobo zamachiza ukulungisa ukuphakama (cinga i-cocaine, i-ecstasy kunye ne-marijuana). Ukuxuba i-meth notywala kakubi.
Ngokukodwa, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba abantu abaxuba utywala kunye ne-meth benza njalo ukwenzela ukulwa nemiphumo ecinyiweyo yotywala baze baqhubeke behlala nemiphumo.
Ngo-2008, iipesenti ezingama-24 zee-methamphetamine ezinxulumene neenkonzo eziphuthumayo zibandakanya ukusela utywala.
Uphando malunga nokuxuba utywala kunye neMeth
Ngo-2011, abaphandi base-Columbia University kunye neNew York Psychiatric Institute ngezikhathi ezithile baphatha izixazululo zotywala ezixutywe kunye ne-methamphetamine kubafana abadala abathandathu.
La madoda ahlala kwindawo yebhubhorari yokuhlala kwiNew York Psychiatric Institute ngeentsuku ezingama-20.
Kulolu cwaningo, abathathi-nxaxheba abathathi-nxaxheba baqeshwe abavakalise ukusetyenziswa kwe-amphetamine edlulileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala kotshanje. Ngaphezu koko, abathathi-nxaxheba bahlolwe kwaye babandakanywa ngaphandle kokugula okwehlukeneyo kunye nokugula ngengqondo.
Ngaloo ndlela, bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kulolu cwaningo babenomlando omude wokusetyenziswa kakubi kwe-polysubstance kwaye akukho namnye kubo owayengenasiphelo kumphumo we-meth exutshwe notywala.
Abathathi-nxaxheba bahlolwe kwaye bavavanywa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kubandakanywa ukuphefumula kokuphuza utywala; i-cardiovascular, subjective, kunye nokuqonda kwengqondo / ukusebenza kwengqondo; kunye neenjongo zokulala zobomi.
Nazi ezinye iziphumo ezivela kwisifundo:
- Ukulawulwa kolawulo kotywala kunye nokunyuka kwamanyathelo enhliziyo (ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo kunye neengcinezelo zegazi) kunye nemiva yokuvuya.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kweziyobisi kwenza ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba bazive banxiliswe okanye banamathele.
- UMeth wathintela ezinye zeengxaki zengqondo kunye neengqondo ezibangelwa ngotywala.
- Kuthatyathwe ndawonye, ezi ziyobisi zenze ukuphazamiseka kokulala okuncinci kunokuba zenzeke zodwa.
- Abathathi-nxaxheba bahlakulele ukunyamezela ukudibanisa iziyobisi njengoko kuqhutywe isifundo, ukunciphisa ezinye zeempembelelo ezichazwe ngasentla.
- Ngaphandle kwenani lentliziyo elongezelelweyo kunye nesisu esisimangele, abathathi-nxaxheba bafumana iimiphumo ezimbalwa zempembelo.
Olu pho nonongo lwalunokulinganiselwa okucacileyo. Okokuqala, ukulawulwa kwentsebenziswano ye-meth-alcohol akukho ndlela ifanisa ngayo imiba yehlabathi. Ngokukodwa, abaninzi abantu basela utywala baze batshise okanye bangabikho meth ngendlela engavumelekanga.
Okwesibini, isifundo sifaka abadlali abathathu kuphela. Okwesithathu, abantu ekufundweni bavunyelwe ukutshaya iiguba, ukuzisa i-nicotine njengento ephazamisayo. (Ababambe iqhaza ngokwenene batshaya ngaphezulu xa bethatha i-combo yezilwanyana.)
Iziphumo ezivela kulolu cwaningo zibonisa ukuba xa kuthethwe ndawonye, i-meth kunye notywala isebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo ekuthatheni isicatshulwa yodwa. Iziphumo zokuphikisana kweMeth kunye nezobisi zibhekiselele kwizinto ezibini. Okokuqala, abantu abasebenzisa zombini izidakamizwa ngaxeshanye banokusela utywala obuninzi ukwenzela ukuba bazive bengenakuchukumiseka okanye bazive benemiphumo yabo-oko kukukhokelela ekunxilweni kotywala.
Okwesibini, abantu abaphelisa ukusela ngaphezulu xa bephakamileyo kwi-meth banokungathinteli ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwaye bafumane emva kwesondo seemoto baze babeke abanye engozini.
Okukwintsusa
Imiphumo edibeneyo edibeneyo ye-meth kunye notywala kufuneka isebenzise isikhumbuzo esibangeleyo kubaqeqeshi bempilo ukuba iimvume ezahlukahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kakubi kwezinto ezingenayo i-polysubstance are different entities. Ngalolu lwazi engqondweni, oogqirha banokuvavanya kakuhle izigulane ezingabikhoyo okanye ezikhubazekile ziqhutywe kwi-ER.
Ukudibanisa iziyobisi ezithile (ukungahambisani nomthetho, umyalelo ongenagunyaziso kunye nokungagunyazisiyo) kunokubangela imiphumo emibi engafanelekanga-ingakumbi ukuba unesimo sengqondo okanye unyango.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo usebenzisa kakubi okanye usebenzisa kakubi enye okanye izidakamizwa ezininzi, nceda uhlale ukhumbule ukuba kukho uncedo olusebenzayo olukhoyo. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kunye noLawulo lweeNkonzo zezeMpilo yengqondo (i-SAMHSA) yinkampani ngaphakathi kwiSebe lezeMpilo leSebe lezeMpilo laseMzantsi United elinika ulwazi malunga neenkqubo zonyango.
Imithombo:
UCarolyn DM et al. Umxholongwane okhankanywe phakathi kwe-methamphetamine ('iqhwa') ukutshaya kunye neziganeko ezidakayo zotywala ngotywala: idatha evela kwi-National Survey Survey ka-1993 kwiNdawo yokuThatshazwa kweziyobisi. Ukuxhomekeka kweziyobisi kunye noTywala . 2000.
Kirkpatrick, MG. Imiphumo echaphazelekayo kunye nentsholongwane yomsebenzi wokulawula ngokuphindaphindiweyo komlomo we-methamphetamine kunye notywala kubantu. Psychopharmacology. 2012.