Ngaba uke wabuzwa umbuzo owaziyo impendulo, kodwa ufumene unzima ukucinga ngegama elichanekileyo? "Ewe, ndiyazi oku," usenokuthi. "Ndiyazi ukuba iqala ngeB."
Yimvakalelo sonke esiyaziyo, kwaye kuvela ukuba eli lizwe eliqhelekileyo linalo igama. Kubizwa ngokuba yi-cherologica, okanye isicaciso seelwimi.
Iingcali zengqondo zichaza lo mzekelo njengesivakalelo esihamba kunye nokungakwazi ukufumana ulwazi kwimemori.
Nangona uyazi ukuba uyayazi impendulo, ulwazi olungenakulinganiswa lubonakala lungaphandle nje kokufikelela kwengqondo yakho. Le ntliziyo inokuba yinkxalabo xa uyifumana, kodwa enye yeengcipheko ze-cherologica yinto evumela abaphandi ukuba bahlalutye imiba eyahlukileyo yememori .
Ezinye izinto ezithakazelisayo abaphandi abazifumene malunga neNogilogica ziquka:
- Isiganeko se-tip-of-the-language is universal. Uphando lubonisa ukuba malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zezivakalisi zeelwimi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezivela kwihlabathi lonke liva iingxaki apho iimbonakalo zibonakala zingenakwenzeka.
- Ezi zihlandlo zenzeke ngokukhawuleza kwaye le nxeba iyanda ngokukhula. Abantu abancinci banamaxesha angama-lulwimi-ngeelwimi malunga neveki nganye, ngelixa abantu abadala abadala befumanisa ukuba banokuthi bavele rhoqo rhoqo nje ngosuku.
- Abantu bavame ukukhumbuza iinqununu zolwazi. Ngokomzekelo, banokukhumbula iileta igama abayifunayo liqala kunye nenani leelllabha igama liqulethe.
Kutheni Abantu Bakufumana I-Tip-of-Tongue States States?
Abaphandi bachaza njani i-loglogica? Ulwimi luyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Ininzi yexesha, le nqubo iyenzeka ngokukhawuleza kangangokuthi asiyikunika ingcamango yesibini. Sicinga ngento ethile, ingqondo ikwabela amagama ukumela ezi ngcamango ezingabonakaliyo, kwaye sithetha izinto ezisengqondweni zethu. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba le nkqubo inzima kakhulu, zonke iintlobo zezinto ziyakwazi ukuhamba kakuhle, kufaka phakathi intetho yeelwimi.
Xa kwenzeka, unokuba uvakalelwa kukuba ulwazi lukhona nje ngaphandle kokuqonda kwakho. Uyazi ukuba uyayazi ulwazi, kodwa kubonakala ngathi ivalelwe okwesikhashana emva kolunye uhlobo lwesigxina sezitena. Xa ekugqibeleni into ethile ibangela ukufunyanwa kwememori okanye xa omnye umntu enika ulwazi olulahlekileyo, ukukhululeka kwezi zivakalelo zengxaki.
Kodwa kutheni kwenzeka?
Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba izinto ezinokuthi zidlale indima, nangona iinjongo ezichanekileyo azicaci ngokupheleleyo. Iziganeko zeelwimi zeelwimi ziyakwenzeka xa abantu bekhathele, umzekelo, nangona ezinye iimpawu zeememori njengendlela ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngayo kwaye ubukho bezinkumbulo eziphazamisayo zinokuchaphazela.
Iinkcazo zeMetacognitive malunga nale nto ibonisa ukuba i-tip-of-language ithi isebenza njenge-alarm. Njengomqondiso wesilumkiso kwimoto yakho, banokukuqaphela ingxaki enokuthi ibhekiswe kuyo.
Ngokutsho kweengcamango ezinjalo, i-tip-of-the-times times are in and their own problem. Kunoko, bakhonza ukukuxwayisa ukuba kukho into eqhubekayo kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela kwaye ikuvumele ukuba ulungise umba. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba unamava ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphambi kokuba uviwo olubalulekileyo okanye umboniso, uya kukwazi ukuba unokufuna ukufundisisa ulwazi oluthe xaxa ukuze ulunge ngakumbi kwimemori yakho.
Ngaba Unokwenza Nantoni na Ukukhusela I-Tip-of-Tongue Phenomenon?
Abanye abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba i-tip-of-the-tongue ithi inokudlala indima ehamba phambili kwimemori nakwinkqubo yokufunda.
Ezinye iziphumo ziye zafumanisa ukuba ixesha elide abantu bachitha ixesha lokuya kwii-language-language-language experience, ngcono ukufunda nokukhumbula kwabo loo nto iya kuba kwixesha elizayo. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba ezi zihlandlo zingakhokelela ekukhoneni okunamandla kwimemori, oko kwenza ukubuyisela kulula kwixesha elizayo.
Nangona kunjalo, abanye abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba ukuchitha ixesha ukuzama ukukhumbula ulwazi olubonakala ngathi lusetshenziswe kulwimi lwakho lunokuba lunzima. Nangona kunokuzama ukuchitha ixesha elinzima ukufumana impendulo, izazi zeengqondo uKar Humphreys no-Amy Beth Warriner zibonisa ukuba ixesha elide usichitha uzama ukukhumbula igama elisezantsi kwilwimi lwakho, kuya kuba nzima igama kwakhona kwikamva.
"Ujikeleza amavili akho ekhephu," u-Humphreys wachaza ngodliwano-ndlebe noScienCentral News. "Ukuzibamba kwakho ubunzulu."
U-Humphreys unomdla kwisihloko esivela kumava ayenomntu onzima ukukhumbuza amagama athile ayebonakala ehlala engumngeni.
"Le nto ingaba yinkxalabo-uyazi ukuba uyayazi igama, kodwa awukwazi ukuyifumana," wachaza kuMcMaster Daily News. "Kwaye xa unayo, kunjalo ukukhulula ukuba awukwazi ukucinga ukuba uyilibale kwakhona." Kodwa ke wenza njalo, ngoko saqala ukucinga malunga neendlela ezinokuthi zenzeke le nto. "
Into abayifumayo kukuba xa abantu bangena kwi-tip-of-language-language once, kuba yinto enokwenzeka ukuba loo nto iyenzeka kwakhona ngexesha elizayo xa umntu ezama ukukhumbula igama. Esikhundleni sokufunda igama elichanekileyo, kubonakala ngathi abantu bafunda ukuba bangene kwindawo engafanelekanga xa bezama ukufumana igama kwakhona.
Kulo cwaningo, abaphandi babonisa imibuzo engama-30 abathatha inxaxheba ababeyazi, abangazi, okanye abafumana iimpendulo kwicala leelwimi zabo. Kuzo ezo zimpendulo zelwimi, abathathi-nxaxheba babekwe ngokukhawuleza kumaqela anemizuzu engama-10 okanye engama-30 ukuza nokuphendula. Le nkqubo yaphindwa kabini emva kweentsuku ezimbini.
Abathathi-nxaxheba abade bathatha imali kwilo phulo-lolwimi lweelwimi, mhlawumbi bafanele babe namava afanayo ngexesha elizayo xa befumana loo gama. "Ixesha elongezelelweyo abantu abachithayo ukuzama ukuyihlawula ilizwi yiloo nto abaphandi bachaza ngokuthi" isenzo esingalunganga. "Esikhundleni sokufunda igama elichanekileyo, abantu bafunda impazamo ngokwayo," kuchaza uHumphreys.
Uphononongo luka-2015 olushicilelwe kwiphephancwadi uCognition , D'Angelo kunye noHumphreys lifumene ukuba oku kuqhutyelwa phambili kwesi sifundo seelwimi mhlawumbi kungenxa yokufunda ngokupheleleyo, okubandakanya ukufunda kolwazi olunzima kwiindlela ezingekho ngaphandle kokuqonda ukuba yafundwa.
Oko kuthethwa nguPhando
Uphononongo lubalulekile kwizicelo zabafundi kunye nootitshala. Ngexesha lesifundo sakho esilandelayo, gxila ekujongeni iimpendulo ezichanekileyo kunokuzama ukukhumbula ulwazi. Ootitshala, ukufundiswa kubonisa ukuba kunenzuzo ngakumbi ukubonelela abafundi ithuba lokuphendula ngaphandle kokubavumela ukuba balwe nobunzima bokuzikhumbula.
Unokuthintela njani iingxaki ezizayo emva kwesiganeko seelwimi? Uphando olusanyathelwanga nguWarriner, umfundi wesifundo esiphantsi kweYunivesithi yaseMcMaster, ubonisa ukuba indlela efanelekileyo yokuphula umjikelo ukuphinda uphendule igama kuwe, ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokuvakalayo.
NgokukaHumphreys, eli nyathelo lidala enye imemori yenkqubo eyanceda ukunciphisa imiphumo emibi yenkqubo yangaphambili engalunganga.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ngelixa i-tip-of-the-tongue isoloko ifundwa kwaye ithambekele ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukufunda okungalunganga kungalungile okanye ngokusombulula ingxaki ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokusebenzisa iziqulatho zokubangela ukufunyanwa kolwazi. Ukuba uke wakwazi ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwintloko yakho, ngokuqhelekileyo xa ungakhange uzame ukucinga ngako, sele ufumene isisombululo sasokoqobo.
ILizwi
Ixesha le-tip-of-tongue lingabangela ukucaphukisa, kodwa kuya kuqinisekisa ukwazi ukuba akusiyo impawu yokuba imemori yakho ayiphumeleli. Amava anjalo aqhelekileyo kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, nje ngumthombo wokukhungatheka. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba lube lukhulu ngakumbi xa ufumana amaxesha anjalo ngexesha loviwo olubalulekileyo okanye phakathi kwenkcazo ebalulekileyo.
Uphando lucebisa ukuba iingcambu zentetho ye-tip-of-language ingaba yimiba emininzi kwaye idibaniswe nezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Unokuba usenokwenzeka ukuba ufumane i-cherologica xa uphelile, okanye mhlawumbi imemori yakho yolwazi yayinamandla kakhulu . Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni isizathu, ukukhunjulwa ukukhumbuza ingqungquthela yolwazi kunokwenza ukuba ukhumbule kunzima ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo. Endaweni yokuzama ukukhupha imemori, ukujonga nje impendulo inokuba yinto enenzuzo ngakumbi yokusombulula iilandelelwano lwakho olulandelayo lweelwimi.
> Imithombo:
> IKrismesi, J. Yiyiphi igama? Uphando lwezifundo zophando lweelwimi. News24.com - Izindaba Ezintsha. 2008.
> D'Angelo, MC & Humphreys, KR. I-Tip-of-the-tongue ithi iqhubekile ngenxa yokufunda ngokupheleleyo, kodwa isisombululo sinceda. Cognition. 2015; 142: 166-190. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.cognition.2015.05.019.
> Schwartz, BL & Metcalfe, J. I-Tip-of-the-language (TOT) ithi: Ukubuyisela, ukuziphatha kunye namava. Imemori noCognition. 2011; 39 (5): 737-749. i-doi: 10.3758 / s13421-010-0066-8.
> Warriner, AB & Humphreys, KR Ukufunda ukungaphumeleli: I-tip-of-the-language ephindaphindiweyo ithi. Ikota Yengqungquthela Yeengcali Zengqondo. 2008; 61 (4): 535-542.